LEADER 05304nam 2200721 450 001 9910814169803321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a0-231-54182-1 024 7 $a10.7312/hale17568 035 $a(CKB)3710000000656046 035 $a(EBL)4518844 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001646445 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16416934 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001646445 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)14795451 035 $a(PQKB)11551239 035 $a(StDuBDS)EDZ0001510208 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4518844 035 $a(DE-B1597)473314 035 $a(OCoLC)1013956066 035 $a(OCoLC)979739688 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780231541824 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL4518844 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11209908 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL927429 035 $a(OCoLC)948774683 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000656046 100 $a20150921d2016 uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 14$aThe freedom schools $estudent activists in the Mississippi civil rights movement /$fJon N. Hale 210 1$aNew York :$cColumbia University Press,$d2016. 215 $a1 online resource (317 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-231-17568-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aIntroduction: The Mississippi Freedom Schools -- "The pathway from slavery to freedom" : the origins of education and the ideology of liberation in Mississippi -- "There was something happening" : the early education and politicization of the freedom school students -- "The student as a force for social change" : the politics and organization of the Mississippi Freedom Schools -- "We will walk in the light of freedom" : attending and teaching in the freedom schools -- "I can't leave" : educational activism and reconceptualizing freedom after the summer campaign -- Carrying forth the struggle : freedom schools and contemporary educational policy -- Epilogue: Remembering the freedom schools during the contemporary civil rights movement. 330 $aCreated in 1964 as part of the Mississippi Freedom Summer, the Mississippi Freedom Schools were launched by educators and activists to provide an alternative education for African American students that would facilitate student activism and participatory democracy. The schools, as Jon N. Hale demonstrates, had a crucial role in the civil rights movement and a major impact on the development of progressive education throughout the nation. Designed and run by African American and white educators and activists, the Freedom Schools counteracted segregationist policies that inhibited opportunities for black youth. Providing high-quality, progressive education that addressed issues of social justice, the schools prepared African American students to fight for freedom on all fronts. Forming a political network, the Freedom Schools taught students how, when, and where to engage politically, shaping activists who trained others to challenge inequality. Based on dozens of first-time interviews with former Freedom School students and teachers and on rich archival materials, this remarkable social history of the Mississippi Freedom Schools is told from the perspective of those frequently left out of civil rights narratives that focus on national leadership or college protestors. Hale reveals the role that school-age students played in the civil rights movement and the crucial contribution made by grassroots activists on the local level. He also examines the challenges confronted by Freedom School activists and teachers, such as intimidation by racist Mississippians and race relations between blacks and whites within the schools. In tracing the stories of Freedom School students into adulthood, this book reveals the ways in which these individuals turned training into decades of activism. Former students and teachers speak eloquently about the principles that informed their practice and the influence that the Freedom School curriculum has had on education. They also offer key strategies for further integrating the American school system and politically engaging today's youth. 606 $aAfrican Americans$xCivil rights$zMississippi$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aCivil rights movements$zMississippi$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aAfrican American students$zMississippi$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aStudent movements$zMississippi$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aPolitical activists$zMississippi$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aEducation$xPolitical aspects$zMississippi$xHistory$y20th century 607 $aMississippi$xRace relations$xHistory$y20th century 615 0$aAfrican Americans$xCivil rights$xHistory 615 0$aCivil rights movements$xHistory 615 0$aAfrican American students$xHistory 615 0$aStudent movements$xHistory 615 0$aPolitical activists$xHistory 615 0$aEducation$xPolitical aspects$xHistory 676 $a323.1196/0730762 700 $aHale$b Jon N.$01681067 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910814169803321 996 $aThe freedom schools$94050269 997 $aUNINA