LEADER 04011nam 2200685 450 001 9910813903303321 005 20230814224742.0 010 $a1-5017-2648-X 024 7 $a10.1515/9781501726484 035 $a(CKB)4100000007005375 035 $a(OCoLC)1038025942 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse67671 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5552123 035 $a(StDuBDS)EDZ0002048889 035 $a(DE-B1597)503504 035 $a(DE-B1597)9781501726484 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL5552123 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11624234 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000007005375 100 $a20181106d2018 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|||||||nn|n 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 14$aThe commander's dilemma $eviolence and restraint in wartime /$fAmelia Hoover Green 210 1$aIthaca ;$aLondon :$cCornell University Press,$d2018. 215 $a1 online resource (1 online resource.) 225 1 $aCornell scholarship online 300 $aBased on the author's thesis (Ph.D.)--Yale University, 2011. 311 $a1-5017-2647-1 311 $a1-5017-2649-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aIntroduction : repertoires and restraint -- The commander's dilemma -- Setting the context : the history of El Salvador's civil war -- Comparing state and FMLN institutions and ideologies -- FMLN institutions and ideologies in depth -- Repertoires of violence in the Salvadoran civil war, 1980-1992 -- The commander's dilemma beyond El Salvador. 330 $aWhy do some military and rebel groups commit many types of violence, creating an impression of senseless chaos, whereas others carefully control violence against civilians? A classic catch-22 faces the leaders of armed groups and provides the title for Amelia Hoover Green's book. Leaders need large groups of people willing to kill and maim-but to do so only under strict control. How can commanders control violence when fighters who are not under direct supervision experience extraordinary stress, fear, and anger? The Commander's Dilemma argues that discipline is not enough in wartime. Restraint occurs when fighters know why they are fighting and believe in the cause-that is, when commanders invest in political education.Drawing on extraordinary evidence about state and nonstate groups in El Salvador, and extending her argument to the Mano River wars in Liberia and Sierra Leone, Amelia Hoover Green shows that investments in political education can improve human rights outcomes even where rational incentives for restraint are weak-and that groups whose fighters lack a sense of purpose may engage in massive violence even where incentives for restraint are strong. Hoover Green concludes that high levels of violence against civilians should be considered a "default setting," not an aberration. 410 0$aCornell scholarship online. 606 $aPolitical violence$xPsychological aspects 606 $aCommand of troops$xPsychological aspects 606 $aCivilians in war$xViolence against$zEl Salvador 606 $aControl (Psychology) 606 $aPolitical violence$zEl Salvador$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aPolitical socialization$zEl Salvador$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aCivilians in war$xViolence against 607 $aEl Salvador$xPolitics and government$y1979-1992 615 0$aPolitical violence$xPsychological aspects. 615 0$aCommand of troops$xPsychological aspects. 615 0$aCivilians in war$xViolence against 615 0$aControl (Psychology) 615 0$aPolitical violence$xHistory 615 0$aPolitical socialization$xHistory 615 0$aCivilians in war$xViolence against. 676 $a355.3/3041 700 $aHoover Green$b Amelia$01678553 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910813903303321 996 $aThe commander's dilemma$94046296 997 $aUNINA