LEADER 05523nam 2200721Ia 450 001 9910813004603321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-281-77049-3 010 $a9786611770495 010 $a0-8213-7237-8 024 7 $a10.1596/978-0-8213-7236-4 035 $a(CKB)1000000000763885 035 $a(EBL)459828 035 $a(OCoLC)519379225 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000086614 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11111396 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000086614 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10030749 035 $a(PQKB)10564533 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC459828 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL459828 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10252461 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL177049 035 $a(OCoLC)503445581 035 $a(The World Bank)228701353 035 $a(The World Bank)ocn228701353 035 $a(US-djbf)15303669 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000763885 100 $a20081130d2008 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aEnvironmental health and child survival $eepidemiology, economics, experiences 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, DC $cWorld Bank$dc2008 215 $axiii, 209 pages $cillustrations ;$d23 cm 225 1 $aEnvironment and development (Washington, D.C.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8213-7236-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCONTENTS; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations and Acronyms; CHAPTER 1 Introduction; Box 1.1 What Is Environmental Health?; Tables 1.1 Millennium Development Goals and Environmental Health; Tables 1.2 Annual Cost of Direct and Indirect Impact of Environmental Risk Factors in 2005; PART I Epidemiology; Tables 2.1 Water-Related Transmission Routes and Disease Outcome; Figure 2.1 The F-Diagram: Transmission Routes for Infection; Figure 2.2 Relationship between Nutrition and Infection; Tables 2.2 Impact of Infection on Nutritional Status 327 $aBox 2.1 Impact of Diarrhea on Child Malnutrition: Evidence from Research Figure 2.3 Environmental Health Inputs and Health Outcomes in the Child's Life Cycle; Box 2.2 Overweight Mothers Carrying Underweight Children; Figure 2.4 The Window of Opportunity for Addressing Undernutrition; Figure 3.1 Range of Preventive Activities in Child Survival; Tables 3.1 Role of Environmental Health in Supplementing Health System Strategies; PART II Economics; Tables 4.1 Environmental Risk Factors and Related Diseases Included in the Comparative Risk Assessment 327 $aBox 4.1 Why 50 Percent? Supporting Evidence from Recent Cohort Studies Figure 4.1 The Health Effects of Environmental Risks Factors; Figure 4.2 Water-Related (WSH plus WRM) Burden of Disease in Children under Five Attributable to Environmental Risk Factors by WHO Region, 2002; Box 4.2 Revisiting the "Asian Enigma"; Figure 4.3 Mills-Reincke Ratios for Subregions; Box 4.3 The Mills-Reincke Phenomenon; Figure 5.1 Cost of Environmental Health Risks; Box 5.1 Basic Indicators for Ghana and Pakistan; Tables 5.1 Environmentally Attributable Fractions of Child Mortality, Keeping Malnutrition Unchanged 327 $aTables 5.2 Estimated Mortality in Under-Five Children from Environmental Risk Factors, 2005 Tables 5.3 Malnutrition Rates in Children under the Age of Five; Figure 5.2 Weight-for-Age Distribution of Children in Ghana and Pakistan; Tables 5.4 Malnutrition-Attributable Fractions of Child Mortality; Figure 5.3 Two-Week Diarrheal Prevalence Rate by Age and Underweight Status in Ghana and Pakistan; Figure 5.4 Underweight Malnutrition Rates in Children with and without Diarrheal Infections in Ghana and Pakistan; Figure 5.5 Calculating Revised Estimates (Indirect and Direct Effects) 327 $aTables 5.5 Environmentally Attributable Fractions and Child Mortality with Malnutrition-Mediated Effects Box 5.2 Attributable Fractions and Burden of Disease When Multiple Risk Factors Are Present; Tables 5.6 Effects of Malnutrition on Education; Figure 5.6 Final Results of Ghana and Pakistan Case Studies; Tables 5.7 Annual Cost of Direct and Indirect Effect of Environmental Risk Factors in 2005; Box 5.3 How Policy-Makers Should Interpret These Results; PART III Experiences; Box 6.1 Combating Disease through Improved Milk; Box 6.2 Mexico: Multisectorality through a Diagonal Approach 327 $aBox 6.3 Thailand's National Nutrition Program 330 $aEach year, millions of children in developing countries fall sick and die from diseases caused by polluted air, contaminated water and soil, and poor hygiene behavior. Repeated infectious also contribute to malnutrition in children, and subsequently impacts future learning and productivity. This book analyzes the linkages between malnutrition and environmental health, and assesses the burden of disease on young children, and its economic costs. 410 0$aEnvironment and development (Washington, D.C.) 606 $aEnvironmentally induced diseases in children$zDeveloping countries 606 $aMalnutrition in children$zDeveloping countries 615 0$aEnvironmentally induced diseases in children 615 0$aMalnutrition in children 676 $a618.92/98 712 02$aWorld Bank. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910813004603321 996 $aEnvironmental health and child survival$94088669 997 $aUNINA