LEADER 05636nam 2200625 a 450 001 9910812211103321 005 20240416233050.0 010 $a1-280-21027-3 010 $a9786610210275 010 $a0-309-59273-9 010 $a0-585-03759-0 035 $a(CKB)110986584752520 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000143010 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11144460 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000143010 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10109580 035 $a(PQKB)10892929 035 $a(OCoLC)647356172 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3376107 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3376107 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10055101 035 $a(OCoLC)923261164 035 $a(EXLCZ)99110986584752520 100 $a20110328d1998 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 04$aThe ecology of industry $esectors and linkages /$fedited by Deanna J. Richards and Greg Pearson ; National Academy of Engineering 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington D.C. $cNational Academy Press$d1998 215 $aix, 149 p. $cill 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 $a0-309-06355-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aThe Ecology of Industry -- Copyright -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- THE EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES -- PRIMARY MATERIALS PROCESSING -- MANUFACTURING -- ELECTRIC UNTILITIES -- PULP AND PAPER -- Contents -- Overview and Perspectives -- FIRM MOTIVATION AND EXTERNAL STIMULI -- THE TECHNOLOGICAL LINK IN THE EVOLUTION OF INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS -- INTERCONNECTED COMPLEX SYSTEMS OF PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION -- THE INFORMATION-KNOWLEDGE CONNECTION -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- The Extractive Industries -- INTRODUCTION -- ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP -- ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS -- LIFE-CYCLE PRACTICES -- CULTURAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE -- REFERENCES -- Primary Materials Processing -- SUMMARY -- ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP -- REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS -- LIFE-CYCLE PRACTICES -- CULTURAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE -- REFERENCES -- Manufacturing -- ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP -- The Role of Management -- Stages in the Product Life Cycle -- EFFECT OF REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS -- End-of-Pipe" Laws -- Activities of International Standards-Setting Organizations -- Waste Minimization, Packaging, and Product Take-Back -- Labeling Programs -- ENVIRONMENTAL METRICS -- LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT -- CULTURAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE -- Managing Environmental Costs -- Altering the Structure of Demand -- Recognizing the Key Role of the Designer -- BREAKING BARRIERS AND CREATING OPPORTUNITIES -- Intraorganizational Barriers -- Societal and Institutional Barriers -- UNRESOLVED QUESTIONS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- The Electric Utility Industry -- SUMMARY -- BEYOND COMPLIANCE TO STEWARDSHIP -- PURSUING ENVIRONMENTAL EXCELLENCE -- THE IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION -- THE IMPORTANCE OF MEASURING ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE -- THE UNIQUE CONTRIBUTIONS AND CAPABILITIES OF ELECTRICITY -- Beneficial Electrification -- Industrial Electrotechnologies. 327 $aElectrotechnologies for Municipal Water and Waste Treatment -- Medical-Waste Treatment -- Transportation -- HOW ELECTRIC UTILITIES ARE ADDRESSING POLLUTION PREVENTION -- Use of High-Volume By-Products -- Management of Low-Volume or Noncombustion Waste -- TOWARD A MORE SYSYEMATIC APPROACH: LIFE-CYCLE COST MANAGEMENT, WASTE ACCOUNTING AND RISK MANAGEMENT -- Full-Cost Accounting -- CONCLUSION -- NOTE -- REFERENCES -- The Pulp and Paper Industry -- INTRODUCTION -- ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP -- Silviculture: Managed Forestry -- Harvesting Methods -- Protection of Threatened and Endangered Species -- Potential Restrictions on Wood Harvesting -- Turning Wood into Paper -- The Pulping Process -- Bleaching of Pulp -- Meeting Environmental Challenges Head On -- Conserving Water and Treating Wastewater -- Solid Waste Disposal -- Controlling Spills and Leaks -- Conserving Energy -- Controlling Odor -- CURRENT AND FUTURE TRENDS SHAPING TECHNOLOGY IN THE INDUSTRY -- Minimal-Impact Philosophy -- Paper Recycling -- Other Factors -- REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS -- Regulatory Trends: Where We Are Today -- The Industry's Record -- Regulatory Trends: Where we are Headed -- The Current Regulatory Process -- Litigation -- NONREGULATORY ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURES -- ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE METRICS -- Life-Cycle Assessment -- THE CHANGING CORPORATE CULTURE -- Voluntary Programs -- The Role of Public Opinion and Customer Demands -- Shaping a Positive Future -- IMPROVING INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTICES -- Setting Environmental Objectives -- Enhancing Public Understanding of Environmental Science -- Creating Incentives and Encouraging Flexibility -- Facility Modernization -- Creating a Climate for Innovation -- Encouraging Cautious Consideration of Life-Cycle Assessment -- REFERENCES -- Biographical Data. 606 $aManufacturing industries$xEnvironmental aspects 606 $aElectric utilities$xEnvironmental aspects 606 $aWood-pulp industry$xEnvironmental aspects 615 0$aManufacturing industries$xEnvironmental aspects. 615 0$aElectric utilities$xEnvironmental aspects. 615 0$aWood-pulp industry$xEnvironmental aspects. 676 $a363.73/1 701 $aRichards$b Deanna J$01635473 701 $aPearson$b Greg$01643271 712 02$aNational Academy of Engineering. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910812211103321 996 $aThe ecology of industry$94042148 997 $aUNINA