LEADER 04847nam 22007334a 450 001 9910812192503321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-134-65747-1 010 $a1-134-65748-X 010 $a1-280-33685-4 010 $a9786610336852 010 $a0-203-02110-X 010 $a0-203-15927-6 024 7 $a10.4324/9780203021101 035 $a(CKB)111004366676546 035 $a(EBL)165226 035 $a(OCoLC)437073508 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000273608 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11245512 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000273608 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10314865 035 $a(PQKB)10246961 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC165226 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL165226 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr5003281 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL33685 035 $a(OCoLC)48139275 035 $a(EXLCZ)99111004366676546 100 $a19981116d1999 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 14$aThe women's movement and women's employment in nineteenth century Britain /$fEllen Jordan 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aLondon ;$aNew York $cRoutledge$d1999 215 $a1 online resource (278 p.) 225 1 $aRoutledge research in gender and history 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-415-51050-3 311 $a0-415-18951-9 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aBook Cover; Title; Contents; List of figures; List of tables; Preface; List of abbreviations; Introduction; The question of middle-class women's work; Alternative explanations; Demographic determinates; Economic determinates; The 'linguistic turn'; Agents of change; Argument of the book; The constraints on women's work; The constraints of gentility: the separation of work and home and the breadwinner norm; The family economy; The separation of work and home; The aspiration to gentility; The upper middle class; The lower middle class; The constraints of femininity: the domestic ideology 327 $aSeparate spheresThe Angel in the House; Economic insecurity; What was 'women's work'? The patriarchal household and employers' 'knowledge'; Patriarchal conditions; The established occupations; The new occupations; Changes after 1860; Bluestockings, philanthropists and the religious heterodoxy; Borderlands; Bluestockings and Evangelicals; The bluestocking syllogism and the intellectual woman; 'Something to do' and philanthropy; Consolidation; Determining girls' education: governesses and the ladies' colleges; The bluestocking syllogism and girls' education; Employment in the arts; Governesses 327 $aThe ladies' collegesTransforming nursing: female philanthropy and the middle-class nurse; The nursing sisterhoods; The Nightingale effect; The move to the hospitals; Outcomes and implications; The Women's Movement; Redefining 'women's sphere': confronting the domestic ideology; Women's rights; The birth of the Women's Movement; Anna Jameson and the gospel of work; Langham Place; Debates about women; Redefining 'women's work': creating a 'pull factor'; The Society for Promoting the Employment of Women; The Society and the trades; Clerical work; Wider influence; Diffusion of the practice 327 $aA change of focusRedefining 'ladies' work': creating a 'push factor'; Emily Davies; Gaining official recognition; Opening university degrees; Medical education; The high schools; Education for employment; Women and the professions; Notes; Bibliography; Index 330 $aIn the first half of the nineteenth century the main employments open to young women in Britain were in teaching, dressmaking, textile manufacture and domestic service. After 1850, however, young women began to enter previously all-male areas like medicine, pharmacy, librarianship, the civil service, clerical work and hairdressing, or areas previously restricted to older women like nursing, retail work and primary school teaching. This book examines the reasons for this change. The author argues that the way femininity was defined in the first half of the century blinded employers in the 410 0$aRoutledge research in gender and history. 606 $aWomen$xEmployment$zGreat Britain$xHistory$y19th century 606 $aFeminism$zGreat Britain$xHistory$y19th century 606 $aWomen$zGreat Britain$xSocial conditions 615 0$aWomen$xEmployment$xHistory 615 0$aFeminism$xHistory 615 0$aWomen$xSocial conditions. 676 $a331.4/0941/09034 700 $aJordan$b Ellen$f1938-$01759535 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910812192503321 996 $aThe women's movement and women's employment in nineteenth century Britain$94198042 997 $aUNINA