LEADER 09728nam 22007332 450 001 9910811165403321 005 20151005020621.0 010 $a1-107-42365-1 010 $a1-107-43891-8 010 $a1-107-41905-0 010 $a1-107-42172-1 010 $a1-107-41636-1 010 $a1-107-41772-4 010 $a1-107-42034-2 010 $a0-511-98560-6 035 $a(CKB)2670000000497593 035 $a(EBL)1394536 035 $a(OCoLC)875212949 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001062939 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12415155 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001062939 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11017785 035 $a(PQKB)11106820 035 $a(UkCbUP)CR9780511985607 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1394536 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1394536 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10855811 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL599632 035 $a(PPN)24866641X 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000497593 100 $a20101018d2014|||| uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aPhysics and chemistry of circumstellar dust shells /$fHans-Peter Gail, Erwin Sedlmayr$b[electronic resource] 210 1$aCambridge :$cCambridge University Press,$d2014. 215 $a1 online resource (xiv, 683 pages) $cdigital, PDF file(s) 225 1 $aCambridge astrophysics ;$v52 300 $aTitle from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015). 311 $a0-521-83379-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $gMachine generated contents note:$gpt. I$tSetting the Stage --$g1.$tIntroduction --$g1.1.$tGeneral Scenario and Historical Background --$g1.2.$tDiagnostic Insight into Circumstellar Dust Shells --$g1.3.$tCircumstellar Dust in the Laboratory --$g1.4.$tCircumstellar Shell Dynamics and Stellar Winds --$g2.$tEvolutionary Status of Dust-Enshrouded Objects --$g2.1.$tEvolution from the Main Sequence toward the AGB --$g2.2.$tAbundance Changes by First and Second "Dredge-Up" --$g2.3.$tThe Thermally Pulsing AGB --$g2.4.$tAbundance Changes on the AGB by the Third Dredge-Up --$g2.5.$tPost-AGB Evolution --$g2.6.$tElemental Abundances --$gpt. II$tTheoretical Description of Circumstellar Dust Shells --$g3.$tTheory of Circumstellar Dust Shells --$g3.1.$tMulticomponent Medium --$g3.2.$tGeneral Conservation Laws and Balance Equations --$g3.3.$tMulticomponent Mass Equations of Change --$g3.4.$tMomentum Equations of Change. 327 $g3.5.$tMulticomponent Approaches --$g3.6.$tStellar Mass Loss and Winds --$g4.$tEnergy Equation for Matter --$g4.1.$tTotal Energy Density and the Bulk Energy Equation --$g4.2.$tExternal Energy Sources: Gravity and Radiation --$g4.3.$tMulticomponent Energy Equations --$g4.4.$tEquations of Change for the Inner Energy Reservoirs --$g4.5.$tElementary Forms of Internal Energy --$g4.6.$tTemperature Equations --$g4.7.$tCompletion of the System of Transport Equations of Matter --$g5.$tRadiative Transfer --$g5.1.$tBasic Definitions --$g5.2.$tAngular Moments of the Radiation Field --$g5.3.$tEquation of Radiative Transfer --$g5.4.$tTransport Coefficients --$g5.5.$tStationary Radiative Transfer Equation --$g5.6.$tStationary Moment Equations of Radiative Transfer --$g5.7.$tRadiation Force Density and Radiative Net Energy Transfer Rate --$g5.8.$tSymmetric Situations --$g6.$tInteraction between Gas and Dust Particles --$g6.1.$tSome Basic Considerations --$g6.2.$tCollision Rate between Gas and Dust. 327 $g6.3.$tMomentum Transfer between Gas and Dust --$g6.4.$tSpecular Reflection --$g6.5.$tParticle Sticking --$g6.6.$tThermal Accommodation --$g6.7.$tDiffuse Reflection --$g6.8.$tParticle Drift --$g6.9.$tDrag Force --$g7.$tExtinction by Dust Grains --$g7.1.$tOptical Constants --$g7.2.$tModels for the Dielectric Function --$g7.3.$tAbsorption and Scattering by Grains --$g7.4.$tOptical Constants of Abundant Dust Materials --$g7.5.$tAbsorption by Dust --$g7.6.$tRadiation Pressure on Dust Grains --$g8.$tApproaches to the Temperature Equations --$g8.1.$tRadiative Equilibrium --$g8.2.$tLocal Thermal Equilibrium --$g8.3.$tRadiative Equilibrium Temperature with Local Thermal Equilibrium --$g8.4.$tNon-Local Thermal Equilibrium Aspects --$g9.$tChemistry in Thermodynamic Equilibrium --$g9.1.$tThe Basic Thermodynamic Relations --$g9.2.$tEquilibrium Conditions for Gases and Solids --$g9.3.$tConstraints Set by Element Abundances --$g9.4.$tSome Results of Statistical Mechanics. 327 $g9.5.$tThermodynamic Data --$g10.$tGas-Phase Chemical Composition --$g10.1.$tQualitative Considerations on Molecule Formation --$g10.2.$tRestrictions from Element Abundances and Bond Energies --$g10.3.$tCalculation of Chemical Equilibrium Compositions --$g10.4.$tResults for Cosmic Element Mixtures --$g10.5.$tNonequilibrium Chemistry --$g11.$tGas-Solid Chemical Equilibria --$g11.1.$tEquilibria in Gas-Solid Mixtures --$g11.2.$tCondensation Equilibria of Pure Phases I: O-Rich Mixture --$g11.3.$tCondensation Equilibria of Pure Phases II: C-Rich Mixture --$g11.4.$tSolid Solutions --$g12.$tGrowth of Dust Grains --$g12.1.$tTheoretical Description of Growth Processes --$g12.2.$tTheoretical Description of Vaporization Processes --$g12.3.$tCalculation of Vapor Composition --$g12.4.$tEquation for Grain Growth --$g12.5.$tEquations for Some Important Dust Materials --$g12.6.$tSolid Solutions --$g12.7.$tExperimental Data for Condensation Coefficients. 327 $g12.8.$tCore-Mantle Grains --$g12.9.$tFormation of Crystalline Dust --$g13.$tFormation of Seed Nuclei --$g13.1.$tHomogeneous and Heterogeneous Nucleation --$g13.2.$tBond Energies of Small Clusters --$g13.3.$tKinetic Theory of Homogeneous Condensation --$g13.4.$tCluster Densities in Thermodynamic Equilibrium --$g13.5.$tNucleation Rate and Cluster Size Spectrum --$g13.6.$tCandidates for the Nucleation Process --$g13.7.$tClassical Nucleation Theory --$g14.$tMoment Equations --$g14.1.$tGrowth of an Ensemble of Dust Grains in Stellar Outflows --$g14.2.$tMoments of the Distribution Function --$g14.3.$tConsumption of Condensible Material --$g14.4.$tTypes of Size Distributions --$g14.5.$tParticle Drift --$gpt. III$tApplications --$g15.$tModeling of Circumstellar Dust Shells --$g15.1.$tBasic Ingredients for Reliable Shell Modeling --$g15.2.$tSpherical Stationary Stellar Dust Winds --$g15.3.$tShell Chemistry and Transport Coefficients --$g15.4.$tStationary Dust-Driven Winds. 327 $g15.5.$tModels of Stationary Dust-Driven Winds --$g15.6.$tTwo-Fluid Wind Models --$g15.7.$tParameter Limitations for Stationary Dust-Driven Winds --$g15.8.$tGeneral Properties of Stationary Dust-Driven Mass Loss --$g15.9.$tReliability of Purely Dust-Driven Wind Models --$g16.$tMiras and Long-Period Variables --$g16.1.$tBasic Model Ingredients --$g16.2.$tSteps toward a Reliable Modeling --$g16.3.$tConsistent Modeling of Pulsational Circumstellar Dust Shells --$g16.4.$tModeling Procedure --$g16.5.$tConsistent Models of Pulsating C-Star Shells --$g16.6.$tSpace-Time Evolution of the Isothermal Reference Model --$g16.7.$tMultiperiodicity --$g16.8.$tRadiative Transfer and Spectral Appearance --$g16.9.$tMain Results of Carbon-Rich Shells --$g16.10.$tOxygen-Rich Miras and LPVs --$g17.$tMass-Loss Formulas --$g17.1.$tFormulas Based on Empirical Correlations --$g17.2.$tSynthetic Relations Based on Consistent Models --$g17.3.$tEffects of the Model Parameters --$g17.4.$tSuperwind. 327 $g18.$tR Coronae Borealis Stars --$g18.1.$tLight Curves of R CrB Stars --$g18.2.$tStellar Pulsations --$g18.3.$tAttempts at Modeling --$gpt. IV$tAppendices --$gAppendix 1$tSolution of the Radiative-Transfer Problem for Spherical Symmetry --$gA1.1.$tMethod of Mihalas and Hummer --$gA1.2.$tLucy Approximation --$gA1.3.$tUnno-Kondo Approach --$gAppendix 2$tNumerics of Time-Dependent Problems --$gA2.1.$tFull Discretization and Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy Condition --$gA2.2.$tSemidiscretization --$gA2.3.$tBasic Characterization of Available Codes --$gA2.4.$tRezoning Scheme --$gAppendix 3$tNon-LTE Effects and Molecular Cooling Functions --$gA3.1.$tRadiative Energy Exchange --$gAppendix 4$tThermochemical Data for Some Solids --$gA4.1.$tVapor Pressure of Ice --$gAppendix 5$tSymbols for Mineral Names. 330 $aCircumstellar dust, the astronomical dust that forms around a star, provides today's researchers with important clues for understanding how the Universe has evolved. This volume examines the structure, dynamics and observable consequences of the dust clouds surrounding highly evolved stars on the Giant Branch. Early chapters cover the physical and chemical basis of the formation of dust shells, the outflow of matter, and condensation processes, while offering detailed descriptions of techniques for calculating dust formation and growth. Later chapters showcase a wide range of modeling strategies, including chemical and radiative transfer and dust-induced non-linear dynamics, as well as the latest data obtained from AGB stars and other giants. This volume introduces graduate students and researchers to the theoretical description for modeling the dusty outflows from cool stars and provides a full understanding of the processes involved. 410 0$aCambridge astrophysics series ;$v52. 517 3 $aPhysics & Chemistry of Circumstellar Dust Shells 606 $aCircumstellar matter 615 0$aCircumstellar matter. 676 $a523 700 $aGail$b Hans-Peter$f1941-$01688219 702 $aSedlmayr$b Erwin$f1942- 801 0$bUkCbUP 801 1$bUkCbUP 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910811165403321 996 $aPhysics and chemistry of circumstellar dust shells$94062288 997 $aUNINA