LEADER 04670nam 2200733 450 001 9910810696803321 005 20211103194626.0 010 $a0-8122-0959-1 024 7 $a10.9783/9780812209594 035 $a(CKB)3710000000092419 035 $a(OCoLC)877363718 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10845398 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001256434 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11715043 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001256434 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11271760 035 $a(PQKB)10793464 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse32984 035 $a(DE-B1597)449826 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780812209594 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3442343 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10845398 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL682611 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3442343 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000092419 100 $a20140324h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aLet us fight as free men $eblack soldiers and civil rights /$fChristine Knauer 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania :$cUniversity of Pennsylvania Press,$d2014. 210 4$dİ2014 215 $a1 online resource (350 p.) 225 1 $aPolitics and Culture in Modern America 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 0 $a1-322-51329-5 311 0 $a0-8122-4597-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tContents --$tIntroduction --$tChapter 1. Fighting for Respect --$tChapter 2. Coming Home --$tChapter 3. Stepping Up the Fight --$tChapter 4. Mass Civil Disobedience --$tChapter 5. Truman?s Order --$tChapter 6. A Country They Never Knew --$tChapter 7. Black Men at War --$tChapter 8. A Mixed Army --$tEpilogue --$tAbbreviations and Acronyms --$tNotes --$tIndex --$tAcknowledgments 330 $aToday, the military is one the most racially diverse institutions in the United States. But for many decades African American soldiers battled racial discrimination and segregation within its ranks. In the years after World War II, the integration of the armed forces was a touchstone in the home front struggle for equality?though its importance is often overlooked in contemporary histories of the civil rights movement. Drawing on a wide array of sources, from press reports and newspapers to organizational and presidential archives, historian Christine Knauer recounts the conflicts surrounding black military service and the fight for integration. Let Us Fight as Free Men shows that, even after their service to the nation in World War II, it took the persistent efforts of black soldiers, as well as civilian activists and government policy changes, to integrate the military. In response to unjust treatment during and immediately after the war, African Americans pushed for integration on the strength of their service despite the oppressive limitations they faced on the front and at home. Pressured by civil rights activists such as A. Philip Randolph, President Harry S. Truman passed an executive order that called for equal treatment in the military. Even so, integration took place haltingly and was realized only after the political and strategic realities of the Korean War forced the Army to allow black soldiers to fight alongside their white comrades. While the war pushed the civil rights struggle beyond national boundaries, it also revealed the persistence of racial discrimination and exposed the limits of interracial solidarity. Let Us Fight as Free Men reveals the heated debates about the meaning of military service, manhood, and civil rights strategies within the African American community and the United States as a whole. 410 0$aPolitics and culture in modern America. 606 $aAfrican American soldiers$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aWorld War, 1939-1945$xParticipation, African American 606 $aKorean War, 1950-1953$xParticipation, African American 607 $aUnited States$xArmed Forces$xAfrican Americans$xHistory$y20th century 610 $aAfrican Studies. 610 $aAfrican-American Studies. 610 $aAmerican History. 610 $aAmerican Studies. 615 0$aAfrican American soldiers$xHistory 615 0$aWorld War, 1939-1945$xParticipation, African American. 615 0$aKorean War, 1950-1953$xParticipation, African American. 676 $a355.0089/96073 700 $aKnauer$b Christine$01709261 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910810696803321 996 $aLet us fight as free men$94098889 997 $aUNINA