LEADER 04403nam 2200697 a 450 001 9910810383803321 005 20240516094744.0 010 $a1-283-42815-6 010 $a9786613428158 010 $a0-19-991340-4 010 $a0-19-992146-6 035 $a(CKB)2550000000074975 035 $a(EBL)829387 035 $a(OCoLC)772844641 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000552108 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12270180 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000552108 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10556525 035 $a(PQKB)11353607 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC829387 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL829387 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10518271 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL342815 035 $a(OCoLC)708648488 035 $a(FINmELB)ELB163315 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000074975 100 $a20110323d2012 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|nu---||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aSpeaking American $ea history of English in the United States /$fRichard W. Bailey 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aOxford ;$aNew York $cOxford University Press$d2012 215 $a1 online resource (226 pages) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-19-023260-9 311 $a0-19-517934-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aIntroduction -- Chesapeake Bay, before 1650 -- Boston, 1650-1700 -- Charleston, 1700-1750 -- Philadelphia, 1750-1800 -- New Orleans, 1800-1850 -- New York, 1850-1900 -- Chicago, 1900-1950 -- Los Angeles, 1950-2000 -- Epilogue. 330 $a"When did English become American? What distinctive qualities made it American? What role have America's democratizing impulses, and its vibrantly heterogeneous speakers, played in shaping our language and separating it from the mother tongue? A wide-ranging account of American English, Richard Bailey's Speaking American investigates the history and continuing evolution of our language from the sixteenth century to the present. The book is organized in half-century segments around influential centers: Chesapeake Bay (1600-1650), Boston (1650-1700), Charleston (1700-1750), Philadelphia (1750-1800), New Orleans (1800-1850), New York (1850-1900), Chicago (1900-1950), Los Angeles (1950-2000), and Cyberspace (2000-present). Each of these places has added new words, new inflections, new ways of speaking to the elusive, boisterous, ever-changing linguistic experiment that is American English. Freed from British constraints of unity and propriety, swept up in rapid social change, restless movement, and a thirst for innovation, Americans have always been eager to invent new words, from earthy frontier expressions like "catawampously" (vigorously) and "bung-nipper" (pickpocket), to West African words introduced by slaves such as "goober" (peanut) and "gumbo" (okra), to urban slang such as "tagging" (spraying graffiti) and "crew" (gang). Throughout, Bailey focuses on how people speak and how speakers change the language. The book is filled with transcripts of arresting voices, precisely situated in time and space: two justices of the peace sitting in a pumpkin patch trying an Indian for theft; a crowd of Africans lounging on the waterfront in Philadelphia discussing the newly independent nation in their home languages; a Chicago gangster complaining that his pocket had been picked; Valley Girls chattering; Crips and Bloods negotiating their gang identities in LA; and more. Speaking American explores--and celebrates--the endless variety and remarkable inventiveness that have always been at the heart of American English."--Provided by publisher. 606 $aEnglish language$zUnited States$xHistory 606 $aEnglish language$xVariation$zUnited States 606 $aEnglish language$zUnited States$xGrammar 606 $aEnglish language$zUnited States$xUsage 606 $aAmericanisms 615 0$aEnglish language$xHistory. 615 0$aEnglish language$xVariation 615 0$aEnglish language$xGrammar. 615 0$aEnglish language$xUsage. 615 0$aAmericanisms. 676 $a427/.973 700 $aBailey$b Richard W$096897 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910810383803321 996 $aSpeaking American$93976984 997 $aUNINA