LEADER 03558oam 2200481 450 001 9910807941003321 005 20190911112729.0 010 $a981-4571-55-5 035 $a(OCoLC)860388752 035 $a(MiFhGG)GVRL8RCE 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000001160071 100 $a20140416h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurun|---uuuua 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aMalaysia@50 $eeconomic development, distribution, disparities /$fJomo Kwame Sundaram, Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Wee Chong hui, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Malaysia 210 1$aNew Jersey :$cWorld Scientific,$d[2014] 210 4$d?2014 215 $a1 online resource (xvi, 198 pages) $cillustrations 225 0 $aGale eBooks 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a981-4571-38-5 311 $a1-306-12025-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aContents; List of Tables; List of Figures; Glossary; Preface; 1. Development Stages; The Alliance Era (1957-1969); The First Decade of the New Economic Policy (1970-1980); Mahathir's Three Regimes; Mahathir Regime 1: New Roles for the State (1981-1985); 'Look East' Policy; Heavy Industrialization; Services; Mahathir's Labour Policies; Mahathir Regime 2: Inducing Private Investments (1986-1997); Transition from the NEP; 'Malaysia Incorporated': State-Business Corporatism; Privatization; Mahathir Regime 3: Crisis Management (1997-2003); After 1997; After Mahathir; Policy Lessons; Notes 327 $a2. DistributionIncome Distribution; Population and Labour; Employment Status; Education and Employment; Wealth Ownership Disparities; Gender Disparities; Regional Disparities; Notes; 3. Public Finance; Taxation; Direct Taxes; Taxes on Business; Personal Income Taxes; Indirect Taxes; Export Duties; Import Duties; Excise Duties; Sales Taxes; Service Taxes; Government Expenditure; Health Services; Education; Privatization; Notes; 4. Federalism; Formation of Malaysia; Federal and State Government Jurisdictions; Federal-State Financial Relations; Disputes over Petroleum Resources 327 $aFederal Transfers to the StatesLoan Financing for Development; Public Accounts; Government Finance by State; External Trade; Malaysian Common Market; Trade Items; Notes; 5. Lessons?; Development Stages; Distributional Struggles; Public Finances; Malaysian Federalism; Concluding Remarks; Bibliography; Index 330 $aMalaysia has grown and changed a great deal since it was formed on 16 September 1963. It was then seen as an unlikely nation hastily put together as a federation of British controlled territories in the region. Brunei's refusal to join at the eleventh hour and Singapore's secession before its second birthday only seemed to confirm such doubts. Yet, it has not only survived, but even thrived, often cited as a developing country worthy of emulation. Ruled by the same ruling coalition since the mid-1950s, it has been tempting to emphasize continuities, and there certainly have been many. Looking 607 $aMalaysia$xEconomic policy 607 $aMalaysia$xSocial policy 607 $aMalaysia$xEconomic conditions$y20th century 607 $aMalaysia$xSocial conditions$y20th century 676 $a338.9595 700 $aJomo K. S$g(Jomo Kwame Sundaram)$0846628 702 $aWee$b Chong Hui 801 0$bMiFhGG 801 1$bMiFhGG 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910807941003321 996 $aMalaysia@50$94041157 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05432nam 22006614a 450 001 9910830947003321 005 20230828213019.0 010 $a1-280-40940-1 010 $a9786610409402 010 $a0-470-32167-9 010 $a0-471-74609-6 010 $a0-471-74608-8 035 $a(CKB)1000000000355717 035 $a(EBL)257069 035 $a(OCoLC)475972754 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000301350 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11273062 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000301350 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10263495 035 $a(PQKB)11257895 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC257069 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000355717 100 $a20050330d2006 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aLatent curve models$b[electronic resource] $ea structural equation perspective /$fKenneth A. Bollen, Patrick J. Curran 210 $aHoboken, N.J. $cWiley-Interscience$dc2006 215 $a1 online resource (307 p.) 225 1 $aWiley series in probability and statistics 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-471-45592-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 263-273) and indexes. 327 $aLatent Curve Models; Contents; Preface; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Conceptualization and Analysis of Trajectories; 1.1.1 Trajectories of Crime Rates; 1.1.2 Data Requirements; 1.1.3 Summary; 1.2 Three Initial Questions About Trajectories; 1.2.1 Question 1: What Is the Trajectory for the Entire Group?; 1.2.2 Question 2: Do We Need Distinct Trajectories for Each Case?; 1.2.3 Question 3: If Distinct Trajectories Are Needed, Can We Identify Variables to Predict These Individual Trajectories?; 1.2.4 Summary; 1.3 Brief History of Latent Curve Models; 1.3.1 Early Developments: The Nineteenth Century 327 $a1.3.2 Fitting Group Trajectories: 1900-19371.3.3 Fitting Individual and Group Trajectories: 1938-1950s; 1.3.4 Trajectory Modeling with Latent Variables: 1950s-1984; 1.3.5 Current Latent Curve Modeling: 1984-present; 1.3.6 Summary; 1.4 Organization of the Remainder of the Book; 2 Unconditional Latent Curve Model; 2.1 Repeated Measures; 2.2 General Model and Assumptions; 2.3 Identification; 2.4 Case-By-Case Approach; 2.4.1 Assessing Model Fit; 2.4.2 Limitations of Case-by-Case Approach; 2.5 Structural Equation Model Approach; 2.5.1 Matrix Expression of the Latent Curve Model 327 $a2.5.2 Maximum Likelihood Estimation2.5.3 Empirical Example; 2.5.4 Assessing Model Fit; 2.5.5 Components of Fit; 2.6 Alternative Approaches to the SEM; 2.7 Conclusions; Appendix 2A: Test Statistics, Nonnormality, and Statistical Power; 3 Missing Data and Alternative Metrics of Time; 3.1 Missing Data; 3.1.1 Types of Missing Data; 3.1.2 Treatment of Missing Data; 3.1.3 Empirical Example; 3.1.4 Summary; 3.2 Missing Data and Alternative Metrics of Time; 3.2.1 Numerical Measure of Time; 3.2.2 When Wave of Assessment and Alternative Metrics of Time Are Equivalent 327 $a3.2.3 When Wave of Assessment and Alternative Metrics of Time Are Different3.2.4 Reorganizing Data as a Function of Alternative Metrics of Time; 3.2.5 Individually Varying Values of Time; 3.2.6 Summary; 3.2.7 Empirical Example: Reading Achievement; 3.3 Conclusions; 4 Nonlinear Trajectories and the Coding of Time; 4.1 Modeling Nonlinear Functions of Time; 4.1.1 Polynomial Trajectories: Quadratic Trajectory Model; 4.1.2 Polynomial Trajectories: Cubic Trajectory Models; 4.1.3 Summary; 4.2 Nonlinear Curve Fitting: Estimated Factor Loadings; 4.2.1 Selecting the Metric of Change 327 $a4.3 Piecewise Linear Trajectory Models4.3.1 Identification; 4.3.2 Interpretation; 4.4 Alternative Parametric Functions; 4.4.1 Exponential Trajectory; 4.4.2 Parametric Functions with Cycles; 4.4.3 Nonlinear Transformations of the Metric of Time; 4.4.4 Nonlinear Transformations of the Repeated Measures; 4.5 Linear Transformations of the Metric of Time; 4.5.1 Logic of Recoding the Metric of Time; 4.5.2 General Framework for Transforming Time; 4.5.3 Summary; 4.6 Conclusions; Appendix 4A: Identification of Quadratic and Piecewise Latent Curve Models; 4A.1 Quadratic LCM; 4A.2 Piecewise LCM 327 $a5 Conditional Latent Curve Models 330 $aAn effective technique for data analysis in the social sciences The recent explosion in longitudinal data in the social sciences highlights the need for this timely publication. Latent Curve Models: A Structural Equation Perspective provides an effective technique to analyze latent curve models (LCMs). This type of data features random intercepts and slopes that permit each case in a sample to have a different trajectory over time. Furthermore, researchers can include variables to predict the parameters governing these trajectories. The authors synthesize a vast amount of research and find 410 0$aWiley series in probability and statistics. 606 $aLatent structure analysis 606 $aLatent variables 615 0$aLatent structure analysis. 615 0$aLatent variables. 676 $a519.5/35 676 $a621.384135015118 700 $aBollen$b Kenneth A$0144978 701 $aCurran$b Patrick J.$f1965-$0502145 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910830947003321 996 $aLatent curve models$9731606 997 $aUNINA