LEADER 05006nam 2200649 a 450 001 9910457901703321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-60917-283-3 035 $a(CKB)2550000000066246 035 $a(EBL)1672258 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000645130 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11417652 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000645130 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10680248 035 $a(PQKB)10098747 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3338108 035 $a(OCoLC)774285352 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse12702 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1672258 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3338108 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10514495 035 $a(OCoLC)923248549 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1672258 035 $a(OCoLC)876514186 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000066246 100 $a20010827d2002 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 14$aThe cassava transformation$b[electronic resource] $eAfrica's best-kept secret /$fFelix I. Nweke, Dunstan S.C. Spencer, John K. Lynam 210 $aEast Lansing $cMichigan State University Press$dc2002 215 $a1 online resource (302 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-87013-602-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aContents; List of Figures; List of Tables; Preface; 1. Cassava and Africa's Food Crisis; Why Cassava?; Cassava: Introduction and Diffusion in Africa; The Cassava Transformation; The Collaborative Study of Cassava in Africa (COSCA); Plan of This Book; 2. Myths and Half-Truths; Cassava as a Subsistence Crop; Cassava as a Soil Nutrient-Depleting Crop; Cassava as a Women's Crop; Cassava as a Lethal Food; Cassava as a Nutritionally Deficient Food; 3. Cassava's Multiple Roles; Famine-Reserve Crop; Rural Food Staple; Cash Crop and Urban Food Staple; Industrial Raw Material; Livestock Feed 327 $a4. Production OverviewVarieties Grown; Pests and Disease; Area Cultivated; Yield; Production; 5. Genetic Research and the TMS Revolution; Farmer-Led Research; Government Research; Insights and Research Challenges; 6. Agronomic Practices; Three Types of Fallow Systems; Cassava Planting; Cassava Production; Cassava Harvesting; 7. Diffusion of TMS Varieties; TMS Diffusion in Nigeria; The Delayed Diffusion of the TMS Varieties in Ghana; TMS Diffusion in Uganda; 8. The Preparation of Five Cassava Products; Fresh Cassava Roots; Dried Cassava Roots; Pasty Cassava Products 327 $aGranulated Cassava ProductsCassava Leaves; Lessons and Challenges; 9. Mechanized Processing; Types of Cassava Processing Machines; The Rise and Fall of Private Large-Scale Processing; Nigeria: Cassava Processing Research and Development; Lessons and Challenges; 10. Gender Surprises; Cassava Production; Access to Improved Technologies by Men and Women; Cassava Processing and Marketing; Gender Surprises: Policy Implications; 11. Consumption; Cassava Consumption Pattern; Pre- and Post-Harvest Losses; Food Expenditure Patterns; Income Elasticity of Demand 327 $a12. New Uses for Cassava: A Nigerian Case StudyExpanding the Use of Cassava in the Livestock Industry; Expanding the Use of Cassava in Food Manufacturing; Expanding the Use of Cassava Starch as an Industrial Raw Material; Beer Malt: A New Use for Dried Cassava Roots; Developing a Cassava-Based Ethanol Industry; 13. The Cassava Transformation: Synthesis; Cassava and Africa's Food Crisis; Genetic Research and the High-Yeielding TMS Varieties; The Diffusion of the TMS Varieties; Post-Harvest Issues: Food Preparation and Mechanized Processing; Gender Surprises; New Uses for Cassava 327 $aPolicy ImplicationsAppendix 1: Methods of the COSCA Study; The Study Team; Sampling Procedures; Survey Instruments; Logistics and Supervision; Data Processing; Appendix 2: List of COSCA Collaborators; Appendix 3: List of COSCA Reports; Working Papers; Ph.D. Dissertations; Appendix 4: Demand Function Specifications; Variable Description and Construction; Notes; References; About the Authors; Index 330 $a Cassava is Africa's ""poverty fighter"" and second most important food crop. This book discusses Cassava's real role and traces research over the past 65 years. The ""Cassava transformation"" that is now underway in Africa has changed this traditional, reserve crop to a high-yield cash crop. However, Cassava is being neglected by governments and donor agencies because of myths and half-truths about its nutritional value and role in farm systems. 606 $aCassava$zAfrica 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aCassava 676 $a633.6/82/096 700 $aNweke$b Felix I$0980572 701 $aLynam$b John K$01028568 701 $aSpencer$b Dunstan S. C$01028569 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910457901703321 996 $aThe cassava transformation$92444620 997 $aUNINA LEADER 06252oam 22013094 450 001 9910807165903321 005 20240402050258.0 010 $a1-4623-6689-9 010 $a1-4527-5513-2 010 $a1-4518-7015-9 010 $a9786612841088 010 $a1-282-84108-4 035 $a(CKB)3170000000055049 035 $a(EBL)1607907 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000944020 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11612512 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000944020 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10982474 035 $a(PQKB)11043146 035 $a(OCoLC)815736786 035 $a(IMF)WPIEE2008157 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1607907 035 $a(EXLCZ)993170000000055049 100 $a20020129d2008 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aDollarization and Maturity Structure of Public Securities : $eThe Experience of Bolivia /$fEsteban Vesperoni, Walter Orellana R. 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2008. 215 $a1 online resource (32 p.) 225 1 $aIMF Working Papers 225 0$aIMF working paper ;$vWP/08/157 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-4519-1468-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aContents; I. Introduction; II. Financial Dollarization in the Literature; III. Domestic Debt in Bolivia: Institutional Issues; IV. Review of Recent Trends in Public Domestic Debt; Figures; 1. Stock of Central Bank Paper; 2. Inflation and Central Bank Paper; 3. Domestic Treasury Debt; A. Currency Composition of Public Debt; 4. Currency Issue and Central Bank Paper; 5. Auctioned Treasury Paper by Currency; 6. Weekly Supply of Auctioned Treasury Paper; B. Maturity Structure of Public Debt; 7. Stock of Placements to Pension Funds by Currency; 8. Central Bank Paper: Maturity Structure 327 $a9a. Auctioned Treasury Paper: Remaining Maturity9b. Auctioned Treasury Paper: Maturity at Issuance; 9c. Auctioned Treasury Paper: Amortization Schedule; 10a. Stock of Placements to Pension Funds Bonds: Remaining Maturity; 10b. Stock of Placements to Pension Funds Bonds: Amortization Schedule; V. Bolivia in Perspective: Treasury Paper in Latin America; VI. Currency Composition and Debt Maturity: Debt Management and Macroeconomic Fundamentals; Tables; 1. Latin America: Domestic Treasury Debt; 2. Dollarization of Open Market Operations; 3. Maturity Structure of Open Market Operations 327 $aVII. ConclusionReferences; Appendix 330 3 $aThe public debt profile has improved in Bolivia in recent years, with regard to both the maturity structure and the currency composition. This paper analyzes changes in the public debt profile in Bolivia since 2000, and the role played by macroeconomic factors and the debt management strategy adopted by the authorities. We find that both played an important role, in particular the strengthening of the fiscal and international reserves positions and the appreciation of the Boliviano; and regulations promoting the use of the domestic currency. Our findings are consistent with Claessens, Klingebiel and Schmukler (2007)?who found that macro and institutional factors had an impact on debt profiles for a group of emerging and developed economies?and are in contrast with the original sin literature, which stresses that profiles are mainly determined by market incompleteness. We also compare the debt profile of Bolivia with those of other countries in Latin America, and find that there is still room for improvement against the regional benchmark, both in terms of maturity structure and currency composition. 410 0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2008/157 606 $aDebts, Public$zBolivia 606 $aFinance: General$2imf 606 $aMoney and Monetary Policy$2imf 606 $aPublic Finance$2imf 606 $aMonetary Systems$2imf 606 $aStandards$2imf 606 $aRegimes$2imf 606 $aGovernment and the Monetary System$2imf 606 $aPayment Systems$2imf 606 $aSocial Security and Public Pensions$2imf 606 $aDebt$2imf 606 $aDebt Management$2imf 606 $aSovereign Debt$2imf 606 $aPension Funds$2imf 606 $aNon-bank Financial Institutions$2imf 606 $aFinancial Instruments$2imf 606 $aInstitutional Investors$2imf 606 $aMonetary economics$2imf 606 $aPensions$2imf 606 $aPublic finance & taxation$2imf 606 $aFinance$2imf 606 $aCurrencies$2imf 606 $aPension spending$2imf 606 $aPublic debt$2imf 606 $aDollarization$2imf 606 $aFinancial instruments$2imf 606 $aMoney$2imf 606 $aDebts, Public$2imf 606 $aMonetary policy$2imf 607 $aBolivia$xEconomic conditions 607 $aBolivia$xEconomic policy 607 $aBolivia$2imf 615 0$aDebts, Public 615 7$aFinance: General 615 7$aMoney and Monetary Policy 615 7$aPublic Finance 615 7$aMonetary Systems 615 7$aStandards 615 7$aRegimes 615 7$aGovernment and the Monetary System 615 7$aPayment Systems 615 7$aSocial Security and Public Pensions 615 7$aDebt 615 7$aDebt Management 615 7$aSovereign Debt 615 7$aPension Funds 615 7$aNon-bank Financial Institutions 615 7$aFinancial Instruments 615 7$aInstitutional Investors 615 7$aMonetary economics 615 7$aPensions 615 7$aPublic finance & taxation 615 7$aFinance 615 7$aCurrencies 615 7$aPension spending 615 7$aPublic debt 615 7$aDollarization 615 7$aFinancial instruments 615 7$aMoney 615 7$aDebts, Public 615 7$aMonetary policy 676 $a339.50984 700 $aVesperoni$b Esteban$01717627 701 $aOrellana R$b Walter$01717628 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910807165903321 996 $aDollarization and Maturity Structure of Public Securities$94114009 997 $aUNINA