LEADER 04744nam 22006615 450 001 996500672403316 005 20221201113901.0 010 $a90-485-5710-0 024 7 $a10.1515/9789048557103 035 $a(CKB)25638652800041 035 $a(DE-B1597)635771 035 $a(DE-B1597)9789048557103 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC30406502 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL30406502 035 $a(OCoLC)1341261211 035 $a(EXLCZ)9925638652800041 100 $a20221201h20222022 fg 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aSupreme Courts Under Nazi Occupation /$fed. by Derk Venema 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aAmsterdam : $cAmsterdam University Press, $d[2022] 210 4$d©2022 215 $a1 online resource (340 p.) 225 0 $aWar, Conflict and Genocide Studies ;$v7 327 $tFrontmatter -- $tTable of Contents -- $tList of Figures and Tables -- $tAcknowledgements -- $t1 War, Law, Society, and the Courts, 1939-1945: An Introduction -- $t2 Prelude : The Belgian Judiciary?s First Experience of German Occupation, 1914-18 -- $t3 Germany: The Reichsgericht 1933-1945 -- $t4 The Danish Supreme Court During the German Occupation -- $t5 The French Cour de Cassation During the Vichy Period -- $t6 The Conseil d?État in Vichy France -- $t7 Sacrificing the Pig in the Temple ? The Supreme Court in Occupied Norway -- $t8 The Belgian Court of Cassation in the Turmoil of the Second Occupation -- $t9 The Hoge Raad during the German Occupation of the Netherlands -- $t10 The Supreme Courts in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia -- $t11 The Cour Supérieure de Justice and the Luxembourg State Collapse -- $t12 The Italian Supreme Court Between Fascism and German Occupation (1943-45) -- $t13 Supreme Courts Dealing with Nazi Occupation : The Struggle for Order and Identity -- $tReferences -- $tIndex 330 $aThis is the first extensive treatment of leading judicial institutions under Nazi rule in WWII. It focusses on all democratic countries under German occupation, and provides the details for answering questions like: how can law serve as an instrument of defence against an oppressive regime? Are the courts always the guardians of democracy and rule of law? What role was there for international law? How did the courts deal with dismissals, new appointees, new courts, forced German ordinances versus national law? How did judges justify their actions, help citizens, appease the enemy, protest against injustice? Experts from all democracies that were occupied by the Nazis paint vivid pictures of oppression, collaboration, and resistance. The results are interpreted in a socio-legal framework introducing the concept of ?moral hygiene? to explain the clash between normative and descriptive approaches in public opinion and scholarship concerning officials? behaviour in war-time. 410 0$aWar, Conflict and Genocide Studies 606 $aCourts of last resort$zEurope$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aWorld War, 1939-1945$xOccupied territories 606 $aHISTORY / Military / World War II$2bisacsh 610 $aJudiciary, enemy occupation, second World War, National Socialism, collaboration. 615 0$aCourts of last resort$xHistory 615 0$aWorld War, 1939-1945$xOccupied territories. 615 7$aHISTORY / Military / World War II. 676 $a347.4035 702 $aArtuso$b Vincent, $4ctb$4https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ctb 702 $aBaruch$b Marc Olivier, $4ctb$4https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ctb 702 $aBost$b Mélanie, $4ctb$4https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ctb 702 $aGraver$b Hans Petter, $4ctb$4https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ctb 702 $aGrilli$b Antonio, $4ctb$4https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ctb 702 $aLöhnig$b Martin, $4ctb$4https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ctb 702 $aMillon$b Clément, $4ctb$4https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ctb 702 $aMuller$b Françoise, $4ctb$4https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ctb 702 $aPeters$b Kirsten, $4ctb$4https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ctb 702 $aTamm$b Ditlev, $4ctb$4https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ctb 702 $aTauchen$b Jaromír, $4ctb$4https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ctb 702 $aVenema$b Derk, $4ctb$4https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ctb 702 $aVenema$b Derk, $4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 801 0$bDE-B1597 801 1$bDE-B1597 906 $aBOOK 912 $a996500672403316 996 $aSupreme Courts Under Nazi Occupation$92994185 997 $aUNISA LEADER 04575nam 2200553 450 001 9910220139103321 005 20220831223928.0 010 $a0-8330-9305-3 035 $a(CKB)3710000000601372 035 $a(EBL)4427115 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4427115 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL4427115 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11163860 035 $a(OCoLC)939550826 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000601372 100 $a20160318h20162016 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $2rdacontent 182 $2rdamedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 00$aDefense resource planning under uncertainty $ean application of robust decision making to munitions mix planning /$fRobert J. Lempert [et al.] 210 1$aSanta Monica, CA :$cRAND Corporation,$d2016. 210 4$d©2016 215 $a1 online resource (xxii, 86 pages) $ccolor illustrations, color charts 300 $a"RAND National Security Research Division." 311 1 $a0-8330-9167-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aCover ; Title Page ; Copyright ; Preface; Contents; Figures; Tables; Summary; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; CHAPTER ONE: Introduction ; Planning with Predictive Failure; Munitions Mix Challenge; Organization of This Report; CHAPTER TWO: The RDM Approach to Munitions Mix Planning ; Comparison of RDM and Traditional Analysis; RDM Enables Decision Makers to Discover Robust Strategies Through Iteration; XLRM Factors Shape the Design of the Experiment; CHAPTER THREE: RDM Munitions Mix Analysis ; Initial Analysis of a Broad Range of Munitions Mix Strategies 327 $aAnalysis of Potentially More Robust Munitions Mix Strategies Stress-Testing of Strategies over Many Futures ; Scenarios That Illuminate the Vulnerabilities of Strategies ; Performance of Big+Deter-Mixed Strategy in the Moderate Scenario ; Performance of the Big+Deter-Mixed Strategy in the Extreme Scenario ; Future Focus on Purchase Rules in Addition to Portfolio Goals ; CHAPTER FOUR: Conclusions ; A Robust Munitions Mix Strategy ; The Future of RDM in Defense Planning ; APPENDIXES ; A. The Weapons on Target Model ; B. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN ; C. Data ; References 330 $a"Today's defense resource planners face unprecedented uncertainty. The planning processes currently used to determine what forces and capabilities will be needed to address future threats to our national security and interests may be vulnerable to predictive failure. To manage these risks, a new approach to planning is needed to identify strategies that perform well over a wide range of threat and funding futures and thus are better able to manage surprise. This report describes how robust decision making (RDM) may help address this need. RDM, a quantitative decision support methodology for informing decisions under conditions of deep uncertainty and complexity, has been applied to many policy areas in the last decade. This document provides a proof of concept application of RDM to defense planning, focusing on the air-launched munitions mix challenge. The study embeds a fast-running "weapons on targets" allocation model within a "scenario generator" that explores many thousands of plausible, future 20-year series of military campaigns. The RDM analysis uses these simulation models to stress-test alternative munitions mix strategies against many plausible futures. The analysis then identifies a robust munitions mix strategy, which interestingly depends not only on the desired portfolio of alternative weapons types but also on the rules used to replenish depleted weapons stocks after each campaign. The study also suggests how RDM might best be integrated into current DoD planning processes and some of the challenges that might be involved." --Back cover. 606 $aDecision making 607 $aUnited States$xArmed Forces$xProcurement 607 $aUnited States$xArmed Forces$xWeapons systems 607 $aUnited States$xArmed Forces$xEquipment 607 $aUnited States$xArmed Forces$xOrdnance and ordnance stores 615 0$aDecision making. 676 $a353.6 700 $aLempert$b Robert J.$0924033 702 $aLempert$b Robert J. 712 02$aRand Corporation.$bNational Security Research Division, 712 02$aUnited States.$bDepartment of Defense.$bOffice of the Secretary of Defense, 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910220139103321 996 $aDefense resource planning under uncertainty$92894604 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03717oam 2200625I 450 001 9910800193603321 005 20170817193853.0 010 $a0-429-18486-7 010 $a1-138-07725-9 010 $a1-4665-0328-9 024 7 $a10.1201/b17091 035 $a(CKB)2670000000557070 035 $a(EBL)1591564 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001224474 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11707164 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001224474 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11263398 035 $a(PQKB)11252570 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1591564 035 $a(OCoLC)884296646 035 $a(CaSebORM)9781466503281 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000557070 100 $a20180331h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aGeoComputation /$fedited by Robert J. Abrahart, Linda M. See 205 $a2nd ed. 210 1$aBoca Raton, FL :$cCRC Press,$d[2014] 210 4$d©2014 215 $a1 online resource (470 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-306-86676-6 311 $a1-4665-0329-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters. 327 $aFront Cover; Contents; Foreword; Preface by Robert J. Abrahart; Preface by Linda See; Editors; Contributors; MATLAB Statement; Chapter 1: GeoComputation; Chapter 2: Modelling Spatial Morphologies : Fractal Patterns from Cellular Automata; Chapter 3: Parallel Computing in Geography; Chapter 4: The Evolving GeoWeb; Chapter 5: Geovisualisation as an Analytical Toolbox for Discovery; Chapter 6: GeoComputation : Applications in Biology; Chapter 7: Evolutionary Algorithms; Chapter 8: Genetic Programming : Magic Bullet, Poisoned Chalice or Two-Headed Monster?; Chapter 9: Agent-Based Modelling 327 $aChapter 10: E-Research and GeoComputationChapter 11: Expert Systems for Planning and Spatial Decision Support; Chapter 12: Fuzzy Modelling; Chapter 13: Neurocomputing for GeoComputation; Chapter 14: GeoComputation and Open-Source Software : Components and Software Component Stacks; Chapter 15: Location-Based GeoComputation : Strategic Rethinking of the Opportunities for Outdoor Research Afforded by Mobile Devices; Chapter 16: Ubiquitous Computing, Spatial Big Data and Open GeoComputation; Chapter 17: Embedded GeoComputation : Publishing Text, Data and Software in a Reproducible Form 327 $aChapter 18: Limits to GeoComputationChapter 19: GeoComputation in 2061; Back Cover 330 $aThis newly updated edition covers cutting-edge topics in computational geography, addressing a domain in both geographic and computer sciences. With an extended introduction that reviews directional changes and major advances in the field since the first edition, this book includes ten new topics as well as substantial modifications to existing chapters. Written by recognized international experts and up-and-coming researchers, the text introduces the subject matter by providing readable accounts of current developments. In addition, the authors examine possibilities for future developments through the year 2061--$cProvided by publisher. 606 $aInformation storage and retrieval systems$xGeography 606 $aGeographic information systems 615 0$aInformation storage and retrieval systems$xGeography. 615 0$aGeographic information systems. 676 $a910.285 686 $aTEC036000$2bisacsh 702 $aAbrahart$b Robert J.$f1956- 702 $aSee$b Linda M.$f1966- 801 0$bFlBoTFG 801 1$bFlBoTFG 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910800193603321 996 $aGeocomputation$9103252 997 $aUNINA