LEADER 04631nam 2200757 450 001 9910797990103321 005 20231129204019.0 010 $a1-4214-1813-4 035 $a(CKB)3710000000533733 035 $a(EBL)4398478 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001599903 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16306921 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001599903 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)13701754 035 $a(PQKB)10088999 035 $a(OCoLC)932290395 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse46752 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL4398478 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11161194 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4398478 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000533733 100 $a20160319h20152015 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aPluralism by default $eweak autocrats and the rise of competitive politics 210 1$aBaltimore, Maryland $cJohns Hopkins University Press$d2015 210 4$dİ2015 215 $a1 online resource (274 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 330 $a"Focusing on regime trajectories across three countries in the former Soviet Union (Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine), Lucan Way argues that democratic political competition has often been grounded less in well-designed institutions or emerging civil society, and more in the failure of authoritarianism. In many cases, pluralism has persisted because autocrats have been too weak to steal elections, repress opposition, or keep allies in line. Attention to the dynamics of this "pluralism by default" reveals an important but largely unrecognized contradiction in the transition process in many countries - namely, that the same factors that facilitate democratic and semi-democratic political competition may also thwart the development of stable, well-functioning democratic institutions. Weak states and parties - factors typically seen as sources of democratic failure - can also undermine efforts to crack down on political opposition and concentrate political control"--$cProvided by publisher. 330 $a"Focusing on regime trajectories across the former Soviet Union, Pluralism by Default posits that political competition in "new democracies" has often been grounded less in well-designed institutions, democratic leaders, or emerging civil society and more in the failure of authoritarianism. Lucan Way contends that pluralism has persisted in many cases because autocrats lack the organization, authority, or coordination to steal elections, impose censorship, repress opposition, or keep allies in line. Attention to the dynamics of this "pluralism by default" reveals a largely unrecognized contradiction in the transition process: the same factors that facilitate democratic and semi-democratic political competition may also thwart the development of stable, well-functioning democratic institutions. National divisions or weak states and parties--typically seen as impediments to democracy--can also stymie efforts to crack down on political opposition and concentrate control. Way demonstrates that the features that have made Ukraine the most democratic country in the former Soviet Union also contributed to the country's extreme dysfunction and descent into war in 2014"--$cProvided by publisher. 606 $aPolitical participation$zBelarus$2FBC 606 $aPolitical participation$zMoldova$2FBC 606 $aPolitical participation$zUkraine$2FBC 606 $aDemocratization$zBelarus 606 $aDemocratization$zMoldova 606 $aDemocratization$zUkraine 606 $aBelarus$xPolitics and government$y1991- 606 $aMoldova$xPolitics and government$y1991- 606 $aUkraine$xPolitics and government$y1991- 607 $aBelarus$xPolitics and government$y1991- 607 $aMoldova$xPolitics and government$y1991- 607 $aUkraine$xPolitics and government$y1991-2014 615 7$aPolitical participation 615 7$aPolitical participation 615 7$aPolitical participation 615 7$aDemocratization 615 7$aDemocratization 615 7$aDemocratization 615 7$aBelarus$xPolitics and government 615 7$aMoldova$xPolitics and government 615 7$aUkraine$xPolitics and government 676 $a323/.040947 686 $a321$2z 700 $aWay$b Lucan$f1968-$01158821 701 $aWay$b Lucan$01158821 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910797990103321 996 $aPluralism by default$93700344 997 $aUNINA LEADER 04724nam 22006494a 450 001 9910830083003321 005 20230829004743.0 010 $a1-282-11824-2 010 $a9786612118241 010 $a0-470-79023-7 010 $a1-4443-1282-0 010 $a1-4443-1283-9 035 $a(CKB)1000000000764411 035 $a(EBL)428046 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000194867 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11188480 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000194867 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10252535 035 $a(PQKB)11192081 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC428046 035 $a(OCoLC)352829646 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000764411 100 $a20050914d2006 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $2rdacontent 182 $2rdamedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 10$aLung function$b[electronic resource] $ephysiology, measurement and application in medicine /$fJ.E. Cotes, D.J. Chinn, M.R. Miller 205 $a6th ed. 210 $aMalden, Mass. ;$aOxford $cBlackwell Pub.$d2006 215 $a1 online resource (648 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-632-06493-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aEarly developments and future prospects -- Getting started -- Development and functional anatomy of the respiratory system -- Body size and anthropometric measurements -- Numerical interpretation of physiological variables -- Basic terminology and gas laws -- Basic equipment and measurement techniques -- Respiratory surveys -- Thoracic cage and respiratory muscles -- Lung volumes -- Lung and chest wall elasticity -- Forced ventilatory volumes and flows (ventilatory capacity) -- Determinants of maximal flows (flow limitation) -- Theory and measurement of respiratory resistance (including whole body plethysmography) -- Control of airway calibre and assessment of changes -- Distribution of ventilation -- 327 $aDistribution and measurement of pulmonary blood flow -- Inter-relations between lung ventilation and perfusion -- Transfer of gases into blood in alveolar capillaries -- Transfer factor (diffusing capacity) for carbon monoxide and nitric oxide (Tl,co, Tl,no, Dm and Vc) -- The oxygenation of blood -- Gas exchange for carbon dioxide and acid-base balance -- Control of respiration -- Newborn babies, infants and young children (ages 0-6 years) -- Normal lung function from childhood to old age -- Reference values for lung function in white (caucasian) children and adults -- Genetic diversity : reference values in non-caucasians -- Physiology of exercise and changes resulting from lung disease -- Exercise testing and interpretation, including reference values -- Assessment of exercise limitation, disability and residual ability -- Exercise in children -- 327 $aInvestigation and physiology of breathing during sleep -- Assessment and treatment of sleep related breathing disorders -- Hypobaria : high altitude and aviation physiology and medicine -- Immersion in water, hyperbaria and hyperoxia including O2 therapy -- Cold, heat and the lungs -- Airborne respiratory hazards : features, protective mechanisms and consequences -- Patterns of abnormal function in lung disease -- Strategies for assessment -- Lung function in asthman, COPD, emphysema and diffuse lung fibrosis -- How individual diseases affect lung function (compendium) -- Lung function in relation to general anaesthesia and artificial ventilation -- Lung function in relation to surgery -- Pulmonary rehabilitation. 330 $aThe only text to cover lung function assessment from first principles including methodology, reference values and interpretation New for this edition:- More illustrations to convey concepts clearly to the busy physician - Text completely re-written in a contemporary style: includes user-friendly equations and more diagrams - New material covering the latest advances in the treatment of lung function, including more on sleep-related disorders, a stronger clinical and practical bias and more on new techniques and equipment - Uses the standard 606 $aPulmonary function tests 606 $aLungs$xPhysiology 606 $aRespiration 615 0$aPulmonary function tests. 615 0$aLungs$xPhysiology. 615 0$aRespiration. 676 $a616.2/40754 676 $a616.240754 700 $aCotes$b J. E$0863200 701 $aChinn$b D. J$g(David J.)$0863201 701 $aMiller$b M. R$g(Martin Raymond),$f1949-$0863202 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910830083003321 996 $aLung function$91926914 997 $aUNINA