LEADER 06440oam 22006255 450 001 9910797517303321 005 20170918161554.0 010 $a1-4648-0697-7 024 7 $a10.1596/978-1-4648-0696-4 035 $a(CKB)3710000000478512 035 $a(EBL)4397390 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001623131 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16359305 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001623131 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)14915859 035 $a(PQKB)11352271 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4397390 035 $a(The World Bank)210696 035 $a(US-djbf)210696 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000478512 100 $a20020129d2015 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aBelarus Heat Tariff Reform and Social Impact Mitigation /$fZhang, Fan 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cThe World Bank,$d2015. 215 $a1 online resource (88 pages) 225 0 $aA World Bank study 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-4648-0696-9 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aFront Cover ; Contents; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Executive Summary; Chapter 1 What Are the Government's Plans for the Sector?; Sector Plans; Notes; Chapter 2 Why Is Tariff Reform Necessary?; Tariff Reform; Notes; Chapter 3 What Is the Likely Impact of Tariff Reform?; Impact of the Reform; Chapter 4 How Can Tariff Reform Be Best Implemented?; Implementation of the Reform; Appendix A Overview of the District Heating Sector in Belarus; Introduction; Demand and Supply Characteristics; Service Providers; Policy and Regulation; Tariff and Subsidies in the District Heating Sector; Notes 327 $aAppendix B The Distributional Impact of Tariff Reform on Households and IndustriesIntroduction; Household Energy Expenditure Patterns; Distributional Impact of District Heating Tariff Increase; Cross-Subsidization and Industrial Competitiveness; Appendix C Methodologies of Focus Group Discussions and In-Depth Interviews; Introduction; Focus Group Discussions; In-Depth Interviews; The Localities Chosen for Focus Group Discussions and In-Depth Interviews; Appendix D Communicating Heating Tariff Reform to Household Lessons and Experience from Eastern European Countries and Russia; Poland 327 $aHungaryEstonia; Bulgaria; Russia; References; Figures ; 2.1 Declining Cost-Recovery Levels of Residential Heat Service, 2005-12; 2.2 Import Prices of Russian Natural Gas, 2005-12; 2.3 Comparison of Tariffs and Production Costs of ZhKHs and Belenergo, 2005-12; 2.4 Industrial Electricity Tariffs, 2005-14; 2.5 Cross- and Direct Budgetary Subsidies to Residential District Heating, 2005-12; 2.6 Unit Energy Cost of Manufacturing, by Country; 2.7 Output Price Increases from Imposing Implicit Electricity Tax on Industrial Consumers; 2.8 Expenditure Shares, by Consumption Category and Income Decile 327 $a2.9 Extra Expenditures from Imposing Implicit Tax on Industrial Consumers2.10 Distribution of Heat Subsidies; 3.1 Financial Burden of District Heating on Households after Tariff Increases; 3.2 Budget Share of District Heating Expenditure under Uniform Pricing Regime; 3.3 Budget Share of District Heating Expenditure under Differentiated Pricing Regime; 3.4 Impacts of Tariff Increases during Q1 through Q4; 3.5 Common Coping Strategies in Response to Tariff Increases; 3.6 Fiscal Savings Generated from Different Tariff Increase Scenarios, 2015, 2017, and 2020; 3.7 Share of Export in Total Output 327 $a4.1 Substantial Variaton of Heat Production Cost among Oblasts4.2 Distribution of Housing Stocks, by Heat Consumption, 1995-2012; 4.3 Heat and Hot Water Consumption, by Building Type; 4.4 Recommended Road Map for Implementing Reforms, 2015, 2017, and 2020; A.1 Heat Production, by Source, 2007-11; A.2 Organization of Belenergo; A.3 Responsibilities for Policy and Regulation in the District Heating Sector; A.4 Cost of Production, Cost-Recovery Levels, and Residential Tariffs of the District Heating Sector, 2005-12; A.5 Rising Costs of Natural Gas Imports, 2005-12 327 $aA.6 Fiscal Cost of District Heating Subsidies, 2005-12 330 3 $aThe Government of the Republic of Belarus (GoB) plans to increase district heating tariffs to cost-recovery levels and gradually phase out subsidies, replacing them with social assistance programs. Residential DH tariffs in Belarus are currently at roughly 10-21 percent of cost-recovery levels. DH subsidies are highly regressive, add costs to business, and create significant fiscal risks and macroeconomic vulnerabilities. The study analyzes the social, sectoral, and fiscal impacts of the proposed tariff reform, and identifies and recommends measures to mitigate adverse impacts of district heating tariff increases on the households. The analysis shows that a negative social impact is manageable if a tariff increase is accompanied by countervailing measures to compensate for the loss of purchasing power, in particular of the poor, through targeted social assistance and energy efficiency programs. The reform is more likely to be successful if communication campaigns to address consumer concerns are carried out before significant price increases, and consumer engagement and monitoring systems are established. When tariff reform and mitigation measures are properly sequenced and coordinated, the reform will become more socially acceptable, consumers will benefit from better quality of services, the government will achieve positive fiscal savings, and the DH sector will become sustainable in the long term. The study analyzes the social, sectoral, and fiscal impacts of the proposed district heating tariff reform in Belarus, and identifies and recommends measures to mitigate adverse impacts of district heating tariff increases on the households. 410 0$aWorld Bank e-Library. 606 $aTariff$zBelarus 606 $aHeating$xGovernment policy$zBelarus 606 $aSubsidies$zBelarus 615 0$aTariff 615 0$aHeating$xGovernment policy 615 0$aSubsidies 700 $aZhang$b Fan$0982169 702 $aHankinson$b Denzel$f1971- 801 0$bDJBF 801 1$bDJBF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910797517303321 996 $aBelarus Heat Tariff Reform and Social Impact Mitigation$93689987 997 $aUNINA