LEADER 07163oam 22006975 450 001 9910797498403321 005 20230126213032.0 010 $a1-4648-0542-3 024 7 $a10.1596/978-1-4648-0539-4 035 $a(CKB)3710000000442426 035 $a(EBL)2122767 035 $a(OCoLC)914255611 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001539722 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11936699 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001539722 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11532454 035 $a(PQKB)10983823 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC2122767 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL2122767 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11072246 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL815139 035 $a(The World Bank)210539 035 $a(US-djbf)210539 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000442426 100 $a20020129d2015 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aPortraits of Labor Market Exclusion /$fSundaram, Ramya 210 1$aWashington, D.C.,$cThe World Bank,$d2015. 215 $a1 online resource (290 pages) 225 1 $aDirections in Development : Human Development 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-4648-0539-3 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $a""Front Cover""; ""Contents""; ""Acknowledgments""; ""About the Authors""; ""Abbreviations""; ""Chapter 1 Introduction""; ""Why and What""; ""Note""; ""Chapter 2 Portraits of Labor Market Exclusion""; ""General Economic Background""; ""Stylized Issues Emerging from the Analysis""; ""Selected Issues for Further Policy Dialogue""; ""Broader Policy Issues""; ""Notes""; ""References""; ""Chapter 3 Latent Class Analysis of the Out-of-Work Population in Bulgaria, 2007-11""; ""Background""; ""Methodology: Latent Class Analysis""; ""Main Findings""; ""From Profiling to Activation""; ""Notes"" 327 $a""References""""Chapter 4 Latent Class Analysis of the Out-of-Work Population in Estonia, 2007-11""; ""Background""; ""Methodology: Latent Class Analysis""; ""Main Findings""; ""From Profiling to Activation""; ""Notes""; ""References""; ""Chapter 5 Latent Class Analysis of the Out-of-Work Population in Greece, 2007-11""; ""Background""; ""Methodology: Latent Class Analysis""; ""Main Findings""; ""From Profiling to Activation""; ""Notes""; ""References""; ""Chapter 6 Latent Class Analysis of the Out-of-Work Population in Hungary, 2007-11""; ""Background"" 327 $a""Methodology: Latent Class Analysis""""Main Findings""; ""From Profiling to Activation""; ""Notes""; ""References""; ""Chapter 7 Latent Class Analysis of the Out-of-Work Population in Lithuania, 2007-11""; ""Background""; ""Methodology: Latent Class Analysis""; ""Main Findings""; ""From Profiling to Activation""; ""Notes""; ""References""; ""Chapter 8 Latent Class Analysis of the Out-of-Work Population in Romania, 2008a???11""; ""Background""; ""Methodology: Latent Class Analysis""; ""Main Findings""; ""From Profiling to Activation""; ""Notes""; ""References"" 327 $a""Chapter 9 Proceedings of Workshop in Brussels""""Greece""; ""Lithuania""; ""Estonia""; ""Romania""; ""Hungary""; ""Bulgaria""; ""Salient Points from the Plenary Discussions""; ""External Experts Points of View""; ""Appendix A: Link to Online-Only Annexes""; ""Boxes""; ""Box 1.1. Latent Class Analysis: A Sweet and Intuitive Example""; ""Box 1.2. The Statistical Basis behind Latent Class Analysis""; ""Box 1.3. Definition of Labor Market Status and Educational Levels Used in This Report"" 327 $a""Box 1.4. Limitations of European Union Statistics of Income and Living Conditions; (EU-SILC) Data""""Box 2.1. At-Risk-of-Poverty Rate in the EU and in This Report""; ""Box 2.2. Back to Work: Growing with Jobs in Europe and Central Asia""; ""Box 3.1. Roma Population and Labor Market Exclusion in Bulgaria""; ""Box 6.1. Retirement-Income Systems in Hungary""; ""Box 6.2. Child Benefit Systems in Hungary""; ""Box 8.1. Roma Population and Labor Market Exclusion in Romania""; ""Figures""; ""Figure 1.1. Labor Market and Social Exclusion, Government Activities"" 327 $a""Figure 2.1. Annual Real GDP Growth, 2003-13"" 330 3 $a"Portraits of Labor Market Exclusion presents ""profiles"" or ""portraits"" of individuals who have limited labor-market attachment. It is widely accepted that those with limited attachment to the labor market are a highly heterogeneous group (including, for instance, recent job losers, long-term unemployed, school leavers with no labor-market experience, those close to retirement age, or people with caring responsibilities), and that understanding their circumstances and potential barriers is an essential prerequisite for designing and implementing a tailored and effective mix of policy support and incentives. The report takes a comprehensive view, focusing on both the labor market attachment of a country's out-of-work population and the social assistance package and poverty profile of the same segment of the population. In essence, the report looks at individuals through the lenses of both poverty/welfare status and labor market indicators, and, in doing so, the portraits helps move the dialogue from a purely labor market-centric view to a broader dialogue that includes social policy as a whole. This is an important shift; for instance, social protection programs, such as family benefits and maternity benefits, and broader social policy issues such as retirement ages, often have a great impact on who remains inactive. Specifically, the report presents portraits of the out-of-work population of six countries (Bulgaria, Estonia, Greece, Hungary, Lithuania and Romania) in terms of distance from the labor market, human capital, and labor supply conditions, as well as demographic conditions. The analysis relies on the European Union Statistics of Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) surveys for the years 2007 to 2011. Latent class analysis methodology allows multidimensional profiling of the out-of-work population, and identifies classes or groups of out-of-work individuals that are as homogeneous as possible within each class according to a set of observable characteristics, and as distant as possible between classes. Consequently, this analysis provide a much richer glimpse of the very different barriers to labor market integration that these various groups experience, considerably augmenting the limited amount of information contained in traditional descriptive statistics." 410 0$aWorld Bank e-Library. 606 $aPersonnel management$xResearch 606 $aSustainable development$xPlanning 607 $aEurope, Eastern$xSocial policy 607 $aEurope, Eastern$2fast 615 0$aPersonnel management$xResearch. 615 0$aSustainable development$xPlanning. 676 $a658.3 700 $aSundaram$b Ramya$01496515 702 $aSundaram$b Ramya 712 02$aWorld Bank. 801 0$bDJBF 801 1$bDJBF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910797498403321 996 $aPortraits of Labor Market Exclusion$93721240 997 $aUNINA