LEADER 03672nam 2200601 450 001 9910797351103321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-60917-037-7 035 $a(CKB)3710000000445800 035 $a(EBL)2169844 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001576877 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16247274 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001576877 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)14855511 035 $a(PQKB)11322146 035 $a(OCoLC)933516671 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse48499 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3433758 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11078035 035 $a(OCoLC)932310630 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3433758 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000445800 100 $a20150723h20052005 uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|||||||nn|n 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aDispersing the ghetto $ethe relocation of Jewish immigrants across America /$fJack Glazier 210 1$aEast Lansing :$cMichigan State University Press,$d[2005] 210 4$dİ2005 215 $a1 online resource (260 p.) 300 $aOriginally published: Ithaca, N.Y. : Cornell University Press, 1988. 311 $a0-87013-747-6 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aIntroduction -- Jewish immigrant distribution -- Confronting immigration restriction -- Internal debates -- The IRO at the local level -- Conclusion. 330 $aIn the early 20th century, the population of New York City's Lower East Side swelled with vast numbers of eastern European Jewish immigrants. The tenements, whose inhabitants faced poverty and frequent unemployment, provoked the hostile attention of immigration restrictionists, many of whom disdained Jews, racial minorities, and foreigners as inferior. Accordingly, they aimed to stifle the growth of dense ethnic settlements by curtailing immigration. Dispersing the Ghetto is the first book to describe in detail an important but little-known chapter in American immigration history, that of the Industrial Removal Office (IRO), founded in 1901. Established American Jews--arrivals from the German states only a generation before--felt vulnerable. They feared their security was at risk owing to the rising tide of Russian Jews on the east coast. German American Jews believed they too might become the objects of anti-Semitic scorn, which would be disastrous for German and Russian Jews alike if it were allowed to shape public policy. As a defensive measure to undercut the immigration restrictionist movement, American Jews of German origin established the Industrial Removal Office to promote the relocation of the immigrants to the towns and cities of the nation's interior. Until the onset of World War I, the IRO directed the resettlement of Jewish immigrants from New York and other port cities to hundreds of communities nationwide. Drawing on a variety of sources, including the IRO archive, first-person accounts of resettlement, local records, and the Jewish press, Glazier recounts the operation of the IRO and the complex relationship between two sets of Jewish immigrants. 606 $aJews$zUnited States$xCharities 606 $aJews, East European$zUnited States$xHistory 606 $aJews$zEurope, Eastern$xMigrations 607 $aUnited States$xEmigration and immigration 615 0$aJews$xCharities. 615 0$aJews, East European$xHistory. 615 0$aJews$xMigrations. 676 $a973/.04924 700 $aGlazier$b Jack$01553702 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910797351103321 996 $aDispersing the ghetto$93814415 997 $aUNINA