LEADER 03604nam 2200493 450 001 9910796547703321 005 20230814221333.0 010 $a90-04-35708-4 024 7 $a10.1163/9789004357082 035 $a(CKB)4100000000729635 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5124295 035 $a(OCoLC)1010747326 035 $a(nllekb)BRILL9789004357082 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000000729635 100 $a20180130h20182018 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $2rdacontent 182 $2rdamedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 14$aThe codification of Islamic criminal law in the Sudan $epenal codes and Supreme Court case law under Numayri and al-Bashir /$fOlaf Ko?ndgen 210 1$aLeiden, Netherlands ;$aBoston, [Massachusetts] :$cBrill,$d2018. 210 4$d©2018 215 $a1 online resource (480 pages) $cillustrations 225 1 $aStudies in Islamic Law and Society,$x1384-1130 ;$vVolume 43 311 $a90-04-34743-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and indexes. 327 $aFront Matter -- Introduction -- A Short History of Islamic Law in the Sudan -- Sources, Structures, Procedure, Evidence, and General Principles -- Unlawful Sexual Intercourse (zin?) and Related Offenses -- Unfounded Accusation of Unlawful Sexual Intercourse (qadhf) -- Alcohol Consumption (shurb al-khamr) -- ?add Theft (sariqa ?addiyya) -- Highway Robbery (?ir?ba) -- Apostasy (ridda) -- Homicide and Bodily Harm -- Ta?z?r -- Human Rights and Sudanese Islamic Criminal Law -- Conclusion -- Glossary of Arabic Legal Terms -- References -- Sudanese Laws and Legislative Projects -- List of Quoted Supreme Court Cases -- Indexes. 330 $aIn The Codification of Islamic Criminal Law in the Sudan , Olaf Köndgen offers an in-depth analysis of the Sudan?s Islamized penal codes of 1983 and 1991, their historical, political, and juridical context, their interpretation in the case law of the Supreme Court, and their practical application. He examines issues that arise in shar??a criminal law, including homicide, bodily harm, unlawful sexual intercourse ( zin? , liw?? ), rape, unfounded accusation of unlawful sexual intercourse ( qadhf ), highway robbery ( ?ir?ba ), apostasy ( ridda ), and alcohol consumption. Drawing on a wide range of primary and secondary sources, a large number of previously untapped Supreme Court cases, and interviews with judges and politicians, Köndgen convincingly explains the multiple contradictions and often surprising aspects of one of the Arab world?s longest lasting applications of codified shar??a criminal law. Olaf Köndgen won the DAVO Dissertation Prize 2014 for his Ph.D. thesis. \'This extremely well-documented study represents a milestone for the discussion of Islamic criminal law in the Muslim world as a whole and in the Sudan especially. Olaf Köndgen fills an academic void; his work deserves the greatest recognition, for its extraordinary quality, its thoroughness and systematic approach.\' Prof. Günter Meyer, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 410 0$aStudies in Islamic law and society ;$vVolume 43. 606 $aCriminal law (Islamic law)$zSudan 606 $aIslamic law$zSudan 607 $aSudan 615 0$aCriminal law (Islamic law) 615 0$aIslamic law 676 $a345.624 700 $aKo?ndgen$b Olaf$01584524 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910796547703321 996 $aThe codification of Islamic criminal law in the Sudan$93868434 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05418nam 22006974a 450 001 9911020053503321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a9786610265053 010 $a9781280265051 010 $a1280265051 010 $a9780470353158 010 $a0470353155 010 $a9780471681748 010 $a0471681741 010 $a9780471681755 010 $a047168175X 035 $a(CKB)1000000000019094 035 $a(EBL)214326 035 $a(OCoLC)253649112 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000258457 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11194644 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000258457 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10255012 035 $a(PQKB)10537393 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC214326 035 $a(PPN)139254609 035 $a(Perlego)2786246 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000019094 100 $a20040210d2004 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aThermodynamics and introductory statistical mechanics /$fBruno Linder 210 $aHoboken, N.J. $cWiley-Interscience$dc2004 215 $a1 online resource (227 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9780471474593 311 08$a0471474592 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aTHERMODYNAMICS AND INTRODUCTORY STATISTICAL MECHANICS; CONTENTS; PREFACE; 1 INTRODUCTORY REMARKS; 1.1 Scope and Objectives; 1.2 Level of Course; 1.3 Course Outline; 1.4 Books; PART I THERMODYNAMICS; 2 BASIC CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS; 2.1 Systems and Surroundings; 2.2 State Variables and Thermodynamic Properties; 2.3 Intensive and Extensive Variables; 2.4 Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Systems, Phases; 2.5 Work; 2.6 Reversible and Quasi-Static Processes; 2.6.1 Quasi-Static Process; 2.6.2 Reversible Process; 2.7 Adiabatic and Diathermal Walls; 2.8 Thermal Contact and Thermal Equilibrium 327 $a3 THE LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS I3.1 The Zeroth Law-Temperature; 3.2 The First Law-Traditional Approach; 3.3 Mathematical Interlude I: Exact and Inexact Differentials; 3.4 The First Law-Axiomatic Approach; 3.5 Some Applications of the First Law; 3.5.1 Heat Capacity; 3.5.2 Heat and Internal Energy; 3.5.3 Heat and Enthalpy; 3.6 Mathematical Interlude II: Partial Derivatives; 3.6.1 Relations Between Partials of Dependent Variables; 3.6.2 Relations Between Partials with Different Subscripts; 3.7 Other Applications of the First Law; 3.7.1 C(P) - C(V); 3.7.2 Isothermal Change, Ideal Gas 327 $a3.7.3 Adiabatic Change, Ideal Gas3.7.4 The Joule and the Joule-Thomson Coefficients; 4 THE LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS II; 4.1 The Second Law-Traditional Approach; 4.2 Engine Efficiency: Absolute Temperature; 4.2.1 Ideal Gas; 4.2.2 Coupled Cycles; 4.3 Generalization: Arbitrary Cycle; 4.4 The Clausius Inequality; 4.5 The Second Law-Axiomatic Approach (Carathe?odory); 4.6 Mathematical Interlude III: Pfaffian Differential Forms; 4.7 Pfaffian Expressions in Two Variables; 4.8 Pfaffian Expressions in More Than Two Dimensions; 4.9 Carathe?odory's Theorem; 4.10 Entropy-Axiomatic Approach 327 $a4.11 Entropy Changes for Nonisolated Systems4.12 Summary; 4.13 Some Applications of the Second Law; 4.13.1 Reversible Processes (PV Work Only); 4.13.2 Irreversible Processes; 5 USEFUL FUNCTIONS: THE FREE ENERGY FUNCTIONS; 5.1 Mathematical Interlude IV: Legendre Transformations; 5.1.1 Application of the Legendre Transformation; 5.2 Maxwell Relations; 5.3 The Gibbs-Helmholtz Equations; 5.4 Relation of DA and DG to Work: Criteria for Spontaneity; 5.4.1 Expansion and Other Types of Work; 5.4.2 Comments; 5.5 Generalization to Open Systems and Systems of Variable Composition 327 $a5.5.1 Single Component System5.5.2 Multicomponent Systems; 5.6 The Chemical Potential; 5.7 Mathematical Interlude V: Euler's Theorem; 5.8 Thermodynamic Potentials; 6 THE THIRD LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS; 6.1 Statements of the Third Law; 6.2 Additional Comments and Conclusions; 7 GENERAL CONDITIONS FOR EQUILIBRIUM AND STABILITY; 7.1 Virtual Variations; 7.2 Thermodynamic Potentials-Inequalities; 7.3 Equilibrium Condition From Energy; 7.3.1 Boundary Fully Heat Conducting, Deformable, Permeable (Normal System); 7.3.2 Special Cases: Boundary Semi-Heat Conducting, Semi-Deformable, or Semi-Permeable 327 $a7.4 Equilibrium Conditions From Other Potentials 330 $aIn this clear and concise introduction to thermodynamics and statistical mechanics the reader, who will have some previous exposure to thermodynamics, will be guided through each of the two disciplines separately initially to provide an in-depth understanding of the area and thereafter the connection between the two is presented and discussed.In addition, mathematical techniques are introduced at appropriate times, highlighting such use as: exact and inexact differentials, partial derivatives, Caratheodory's theorem, Legendre transformation, and combinatory analysis.* Emphasis is place 606 $aThermodynamics 606 $aStatistical mechanics 615 0$aThermodynamics. 615 0$aStatistical mechanics. 676 $a541/.369 700 $aLinder$b Bruno$01839223 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911020053503321 996 $aThermodynamics and introductory statistical mechanics$94418383 997 $aUNINA