LEADER 03801nam 2200577 450 001 9910796329303321 005 20230808202631.0 010 $a1-5017-5750-4 010 $a1-60909-200-7 024 7 $a10.1515/9781501757501 035 $a(CKB)3840000000036929 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001682783 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16507966 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001682783 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)14917991 035 $a(PQKB)11233518 035 $a(OCoLC)950052963 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse52129 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5972265 035 $a(DE-B1597)572378 035 $a(DE-B1597)9781501757501 035 $a(OCoLC)1229161735 035 $a(EXLCZ)993840000000036929 100 $a20191129d2016 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|||||||nn|n 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aPattern and practice $epolice torture in Chicago, 1871-1972 /$fElizabeth Dale 210 1$aDeKalb, Illinois :$cNIU Press,$d[2016] 210 4$dİ2016 215 $a1 online resource 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 $a0-87580-739-9 327 $tFrontmatter -- $tContents -- $tIntroduction Police Torture in Chicago before Jon Burge -- $tChapter One Police Torture in Chicago, 1871-1936 -- $tChapter Two Murder in Black and White -- $tChapter Three On Trial -- $tChapter Four Appeal -- $tChapter Five Patterns and Practice, 1936-1971 -- $tConclusion The Burden of Proof -- $tNotes -- $tSelected Bibliography -- $tIndex -- $tAcknowledgments 330 $a"In 2015, Chicago became the first city in the United States to create a reparations fund for victims of police torture, after investigations revealed that former Chicago police commander Jon Burge tortured numerous suspects in the 1970s, '80s, and '90s. But claims of police torture have even deeper roots in Chicago. In the late 19th century, suspects maintained that Chicago police officers put them in sweatboxes or held them incommunicado until they confessed to crimes they had not committed. In the first decades of the 20th century, suspects and witnesses stated that they admitted guilt only because Chicago officers beat them, threatened them, and subjected them to "sweatbox methods." Those claims continued into the 1960s. In Robert Nixon and Police Torture in Chicago, 1871-1971, Elizabeth Dale uncovers the lost history of police torture in Chicago between the Chicago Fire and 1971, tracing the types of torture claims made in cases across that period. To show why the criminal justice system failed to adequately deal with many of those allegations of police torture, Dale examines one case in particular, the 1938 trial of Robert Nixon for murder. Nixon's case is famous for being the basis for the novel Native Son, by Richard Wright. Dale considers the part of Nixon's account that Wright left out of his story: Nixon's claims that he confessed after being strung up by his wrists and beaten and the legal system's treatment of those claims. This original study will appeal to scholars and students interested in the history of criminal justice, and general readers interested in Midwest history, criminal cases, and the topic of police torture"--$cProvided by publisher. 606 $aPolice brutality$xHistory$zIllinois$zChicago 610 $amurder in Chicago, murder reparations, victims of police violence, Jon Borge, Chicago Fire, Native Son. 615 0$aPolice brutality$xHistory 676 $a363.2/32 686 $aHIS036090$aTRU000000$2bisacsh 700 $aDale$b Elizabeth$01019863 712 02$aProject Muse 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910796329303321 996 $aPattern and practice$93751277 997 $aUNINA