LEADER 04998oam 2200781K 450 001 9910790859603321 005 20190503073416.0 010 $a0-262-31839-3 010 $a0-262-31838-5 024 8 $aebr10803227 035 $a(CKB)2550000001163179 035 $a(EBL)3339708 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001059747 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11674147 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001059747 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11084841 035 $a(PQKB)10332200 035 $a(CaBNVSL)mat06670254 035 $a(IDAMS)0b00006481f6dbf6 035 $a(IEEE)6670254 035 $a(OCoLC)863157576$z(OCoLC)863672875$z(OCoLC)864822098$z(OCoLC)971582128$z(OCoLC)971909028$z(OCoLC)1055385038$z(OCoLC)1066662229$z(OCoLC)1081287918 035 $a(OCoLC-P)863157576 035 $a(MaCbMITP)8893 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3339708 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10803227 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL545317 035 $a(OCoLC)863672875 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3339708 035 $a(PPN)19693608X 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000001163179 100 $a20131118d2014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aFrom X-rays to DNA $ehow engineering drives biology /$fDavid W. Lee, with Jeffrey Drazen, Phillip A. Sharp, and Robert S. Langer 210 1$aCambridge, Massachusetts :$cThe MIT Press,$d[2014] 210 4$dİ2014 215 $a1 online resource (247 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-262-01977-9 311 $a1-306-14066-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aContents; Preface; Acknowledgments; I Introduction ; 1 An Opportunity for Greater Discovery; 2 Concurrent Engineering and Science; 3 Engineering and the Engineer; II From Peas to Genome: Engineering-Enabled Biological Research; 4 Discovery of Chromosomes and the Submicrometer Microscope; 5 DNA: Gels, Paper, and Columns; 6 Structure of DNA and Proteins: X-ray Diffraction; 7 Observing DNA and Protein in Action: Radioisotope Labels; 8 Transcription and Electron Microscopy; 9 Protein and DNA Automated Sequencing; III Concurrent Engineering and Biology 327 $a10 Concurrent versus Nonconcurrent Engineering 11 The Engineers and Scientists of Concurrent Engineering; 12 Institutions and Teams for Concurrent Biology and Engineering; 13 Concurrent Engineering in the Clinic; 14 Unmet Needs: Mapping and Understanding Cell Signaling; 15 Unmet Needs: Cancer Example; 16 Summing Up; Notes; References; Index 330 3 $a"Engineering has been an essential collaborator in biological research and breakthroughs in biology are often enabled by technological advances. Decoding the double helix structure of DNA, for example, only became possible after significant advances in such technologies as X-ray diffraction and gel electrophoresis. Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis improved as new technologies -- including the stethoscope, the microscope, and the X-ray -- developed. These engineering breakthroughs take place away from the biology lab, and many years may elapse before the technology becomes available to biologists. In this book, David Lee argues for concurrent engineering -- the convergence of engineering and biological research -- as a means to accelerate the pace of biological discovery and its application to diagnosis and treatment. He presents extensive case studies and introduces a metric to measure the time between technological development and biological discovery. Investigating a series of major biological discoveries that range from pasteurization to electron microscopy, Lee finds that it took an average of forty years for the necessary technology to become available for laboratory use. Lee calls for new approaches to research and funding to encourage a tighter, more collaborative coupling of engineering and biology. Only then, he argues, will we see the rapid advances in the life sciences that are critically needed for life-saving diagnosis and treatment." 606 $aBiomedical engineering 606 $aMedicine$xResearch$xHistory 606 $aMedical instruments and apparatus$xTechnological innovations 606 $aSurgical instruments and apparatus$xTechnological innovations 610 $aBIOMEDICAL SCIENCES/General 610 $aINFORMATION SCIENCE/Technology & Policy 615 0$aBiomedical engineering. 615 0$aMedicine$xResearch$xHistory. 615 0$aMedical instruments and apparatus$xTechnological innovations. 615 0$aSurgical instruments and apparatus$xTechnological innovations. 676 $a610.28 700 $aLee$b W. David$f1946-$01547429 702 $aDrazen$b Jeffrey M.$f1946- 702 $aSharp$b Phillip A. 702 $aLanger$b Robert S. 801 0$bOCoLC-P 801 1$bOCoLC-P 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910790859603321 996 $aFrom X-rays to DNA$93803811 997 $aUNINA