LEADER 04516nam 2200601 450 001 9910790815203321 005 20230803022755.0 010 $a0-19-936533-4 010 $a0-19-936545-8 035 $a(CKB)2550000001175972 035 $a(EBL)4704144 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001001511 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12449573 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001001511 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10967828 035 $a(PQKB)10539505 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4704144 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1389070 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL4704144 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11273938 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL557258 035 $a(OCoLC)960165579 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000001175972 100 $a20161012h20132013 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aAshes of Hama : the Muslim Brotherhood in Syria $ethe Muslim Brotherhood in Syria /$fRaphael Lefevre 210 1$aNew York, New York :$cOxford University Press,$d2013. 210 4$dİ2013 215 $a1 online resource (290 p.) 300 $aIncludes index. 311 $a0-19-933062-X 311 $a1-306-26007-8 327 $aCover; Contents; Acknowledgments; Prologue; PART I: POLITICIZING ISLAM (1860-1963); 1. The Emergence of a Politicized Islam in Syria (1860-1944); The "Damascus school": the Salafiyya movement in Syria; Politicizing Islam: the rise of the "Islamic populists"; 2. Islam and Democracy: The Muslim Brotherhood in Postindependence Syria (1946-1963); Egyptian roots; The Syrian branch of the Muslim Brotherhood; Competing for power in Syria's parliamentary democracy; Defending Islam with pragmatism; "'Islamic socialism': a Muslim drink in a Marxist cup"; Losing ground to the Ba'ath Party 327 $aPART II: THE ISLAMIC OPPOSITION TO BA'ATHISM (1963-1982)3. The Islamic Reaction to the Ba'athist Revolution; A clash of ideologies; A clash of constituencies; The ideological failure of Ba'athism; Urban uprisings; 4. "A Minority Cannot Forever Rule a Majority"; Sunnis and Alawis: a history of mistrust; The "revenge of a minority"?; The "Alawization" of the Syrian regime: myth or reality?; Atmosphere of sectarian civil war; PART III: THE RISE OF JIHADISM IN LATE 1970s SYRIA (1963-1982); 5. The Radicalization of the Islamic Movement (1963-1980); The moderation of the Damascus Ikhwan 327 $aThe split in the "Damascus wing"The radicalization of the Islamic movement; Birth of an extremist organization: the Fighting Vanguard; 6. Endorsing Jihad Against The Ba'ath (1980-1982); State repression; The Muslim Brotherhood's jihad; A last stand: the Hama uprising; A "Camp David conspiracy"?; PART IV: ASHES OF HAMA: THE SYRIAN ISLAMIST MOVEMENT SINCE 1982; 7. Militant Islam After Hama; Al-Qaeda: the Syrian connection; The Syrian mukhabarat and radical Islam: a blowback?; Taming political Islam; 8. Struggling for Relevance: The Muslim Brotherhood's Exile 327 $aDivided between the "Hama clan" and the "Aleppo faction"Back to basics: the ideological evolution; Engaging with the Syrian opposition; 9. Uprisings in Syria: Revenge on History; Fostering Islamic radicalization; The Brotherhood's rebirth from ashes; Back to Syria: opportunities and challenges; Epilogue; APPENDICES; Appendix 1: List of the successive leaders of Syria's Muslim Brotherhood; Appendix 2: Abdullah Azzam on the role of Marwan Hadid during the 1964 Hama riots; Appendix 3: Abdullah Azzam on Marwan Hadid's death 327 $aAppendix 4: Abu Mus'ab al-Suri on the training tactic of al-Talia al-MuqatilaAppendix 5: Abu Mus'ab al-Suri on the Battle of Hama in February 1982; Appendix 6: The Syrian Muslim Brotherhood's most important statement regarding their evolution and their vision of Syria's future; Notes; Index; A; B; C; D; E; F; G; H; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; Q; R; S; T; U; W; Y; Z 330 $aAn insight into Syria's most influential Islamist movement and how its rebirth from the ashes of history is shaping the conflict in Syria. The author draws on previously untapped sources, including interviews with the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood. 607 $aSyria$xHistory$y20th century 607 $aSyria$xHistory$y21st century 676 $a322.42095691 700 $aLefe?vre$b Raphae?l $01463704 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910790815203321 996 $aAshes of Hama : the Muslim Brotherhood in Syria$93673091 997 $aUNINA