LEADER 04877nam 2200685Ia 450 001 9910789623503321 005 20220402000914.0 010 $a0-8014-5930-3 024 7 $a10.7591/9780801459306 035 $a(CKB)2670000000078955 035 $a(OCoLC)726824220 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10457583 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000486326 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11325769 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000486326 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10423763 035 $a(PQKB)11567410 035 $a(OCoLC)966836644 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse51895 035 $a(DE-B1597)478240 035 $a(OCoLC)979579546 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780801459306 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3137962 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10457583 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL760190 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3137962 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000078955 100 $a20070730d2008 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aOrganizations at war in Afghanistan and beyond$b[electronic resource] /$fAbdulkader H. Sinno 210 $aIthaca $cCornell University Press$d2008 215 $a1 online resource (352 p.) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 0 $a1-336-28904-X 311 0 $a0-8014-4618-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tContents --$tList of Maps and Figures --$tList of Tables --$tPreface --$tNote on Transliteration --$t1. Organizing to Win --$tPart One: An Organizational Theory of Group Conflict --$t2. Organization and the Outcome of Conflicts --$t3. Advantages and Limitations of Structures --$t4. The Gist of the Organizational Theory --$tPart Two: Explaining the Outcomes of Afghan Conflicts --$t5. The Soviet Withdrawal from Afghanistan --$t6. Resilience through Division, 1979-1989 --$t7. The Cost of the Failure to Restructure, 1989-1994 --$t8. The Rise of the Taliban, 1994-2001 --$t9. Afghan Conflicts under U.S. Occupation, 2001- --$tPart Three: And Beyond . . . --$t10. The Organizational Theory beyond Afghanistan --$tGlossary of Terms --$tParticipants in Post-1978 Afghan Conflicts --$tReferences --$tIndex 330 $aWhile popular accounts of warfare, particularly of nontraditional conflicts such as guerrilla wars and insurgencies, favor the roles of leaders or ideology, social-scientific analyses of these wars focus on aggregate categories such as ethnic groups, religious affiliations, socioeconomic classes, or civilizations. Challenging these constructions, Abdulkader H. Sinno closely examines the fortunes of the various factions in Afghanistan, including the mujahideen and the Taliban, that have been fighting each other and foreign armies since the 1979 Soviet invasion. Focusing on the organization of the combatants, Sinno offers a new understanding of the course and outcome of such conflicts. Employing a wide range of sources, including his own fieldwork in Afghanistan and statistical data on conflicts across the region, Sinno contends that in Afghanistan, the groups that have outperformed and outlasted their opponents have done so because of their successful organization. Each organization's ability to mobilize effectively, execute strategy, coordinate efforts, manage disunity, and process information depends on how well its structure matches its ability to keep its rivals at bay. Centralized organizations, Sinno finds, are generally more effective than noncentralized ones, but noncentralized ones are more resilient absent a safe haven. Sinno's organizational theory explains otherwise puzzling behavior found in group conflicts: the longevity of unpopular regimes, the demise of popular movements, and efforts of those who share a common cause to undermine their ideological or ethnic kin. The author argues that the organizational theory applies not only to Afghanistan-where he doubts the effectiveness of American state-building efforts-but also to other ethnic, revolutionary, independence, and secessionist conflicts in North Africa, the Middle East, and beyond. 606 $aLow-intensity conflicts (Military science)$zAfghanistan 606 $aOrganizational behavior$zAfghanistan 606 $aIntergroup relations$zAfghanistan 607 $aAfghanistan$xHistory$ySoviet occupation, 1979-1989 607 $aAfghanistan$xHistory$y1989-2001 607 $aAfghanistan$xHistory$y2001-2021 615 0$aLow-intensity conflicts (Military science) 615 0$aOrganizational behavior 615 0$aIntergroup relations 676 $a958.104 700 $aSinno$b Abdulkader H.$f1971-$01522253 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910789623503321 996 $aOrganizations at war in Afghanistan and beyond$93808871 997 $aUNINA