LEADER 04998oam 2200517 450 001 9910789294403321 005 20190911112729.0 010 $a981-4460-41-9 035 $a(OCoLC)872114692 035 $a(MiFhGG)GVRL8RCA 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000092939 100 $a20130927h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurun|---uuuua 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aAsian free trade agreements and WTO compatibility $egoods, services, trade facilitation and economic cooperation /$fShintaro Hamanaka, Asian Development Bank 210 1$aNew Jersey :$cWorld Scientific,$d[2014] 210 4$d?2014 215 $a1 online resource (xix, 279 pages) $cillustrations 225 1 $aWorld scientific studies in international economics,$x1793-3641 ;$vvolume 32 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a981-4460-40-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aPreface; Summary of Contents; Table of Contents; List of Illustrations; List of Abbreviations; Chapter 1: Introduction Conceptualizing the WTO Compatibility of FTAs; 1.1 WTO Compatibility, WTO Consistency and WTO Friendliness; 1.2 Overarching Research Question of the Study; Chapter 2: Analytical Framework for WTO Friendliness of FTAs How to Check If They Are Real "Friends" of WTO?; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 First-generation Literature: Open Regionalism; 2.3 Second-generation Literature; 2.3.1 Multilateralizing regionalism literature; 2.3.2 New open regionalism literature 327 $a2.4 Analytical Framework for WTO Friendliness of FTAs 2.4.1 Tree-type questions to examine the WTO friendliness of FTAs; 2.4.2 Focal question for each issue area: beyond tariffs; 2.4.3 Analytical assumption: evolutionary regionalism; 2.5 Summary; Chapter 3: Free Trade Agreements in Goods Is Trade Bilateralism in Asia Consistent with WTO Rules and Norms?; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Difference in Multilateral Principles of Regionalism: GATT Article XXIV versus Enabling Clause; 3.2.1 Historical background of GATT Article XXIV and Enabling Clause 327 $a3.2.2 Conditions for forming FTAs: GATT Article XXIV and Enabling Clause 3.2.3 Developmental levels and legal choices; 3.3 Analytical Framework for Assessing the Openness of Enabling Clause-based FTAs; 3.4 Overview of FTAs around the World; 3.4.1 The universe of Enabling Clause-based FTAs; 3.4.2 Common features of Enabling Clause-based FTAs outside Asia; 3.5 Empirical Study of Enabling Clause-based FTAs in Asia; 3.5.1 Use of the Enabling Clause by developing Asian countries; 3.5.2 Bilateral Enabling Clause-based FTAs in Asia; 3.5.3 Plurilateral Enabling Clause-based FTAs in Asia 327 $a3.6 Policy Issues of Bilateral Enabling Clause-based FTAs 3.6.1 Policy considerations: Three waves of FTAs and their WTO compatibility; 3.6.2 Policy suggestions: Enhancing the WTO compatibility of Asian FTAs; 3.7 Summary; Appendix 3.1: GATT Article XXIV; Appendix 3.2: Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XXIV of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994; Appendix 3.3: Differential and More Favorable Treatment Reciprocity and Fuller Participation of Developing Countries 327 $aChapter 4: Regional Approaches to Trade Facilitation Are Regional Trade Facilitation Measures Discriminatory against Non-members? 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Difference in Multilateral Principle of Regionalism: Trade Liberalization versus Trade Facilitation; 4.3 Analytical Framework for Assessing the Openness of Regional Trade Facilitation; 4.3.1 Typology of discriminatory regional trade facilitation measures; 4.3.2 Analytical focus and caveat on methodology; 4.4 Overview on Trade Facilitation Measures under FTAs in the World 327 $a4.5 Discriminatory and Non-discriminatory Cases of Regional Trade Facilitation 330 $aIt is an appropriate time to rethink the relationship between trade regionalism and multilateralism in the Asian context as we witness the proliferation of free trade agreements (FTAs) in Asia. In the 1980's and 1990's, many scholars and policymakers believed that Asian integration was market-based, rather than legal-based, and that Asian integration would never be codified through agreements. Yet today, there are a large number of FTAs signed and under negotiation in Asia. This book investigates the appropriate relationship between regionalism and multilateralism, with a special reference 410 0$aWorld Scientific studies in international economics ;$vv. 32. 606 $aFree trade$zAsia 607 $aAsia$xForeign economic relations 607 $aAsia$xCommercial policy 607 $aAsia$xCommercial treaties 615 0$aFree trade 676 $a382/.71095 700 $aHamanaka$b Shintaro$0609012 801 0$bMiFhGG 801 1$bMiFhGG 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910789294403321 996 $aAsian free trade agreements and WTO compatibility$93721109 997 $aUNINA