LEADER 06005nam 2200697 450 001 9910781198303321 005 20230721005604.0 010 $a90-04-25321-1 010 $a1-282-45760-8 010 $a9786612457609 010 $a1-84950-678-7 024 7 $a10.1163/9789004253216 035 $a(CKB)2550000000003089 035 $a(EBL)4003981 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000415348 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11283515 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000415348 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10415915 035 $a(PQKB)11016158 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4003981 035 $a(OCoLC)604978357$z(OCoLC)647846413 035 $a(nllekb)BRILL9789004253216 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL4003981 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11096594 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL245760 035 $a(OCoLC)604978357 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000003089 100 $a20151112h20092009 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aCurrent trends in diachronic semantics and pragmatics /$fedited by Maj-Britt Mosegaard Hansen, Jacqueline Visconti 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aBingley, England :$cEmerald,$d2009. 210 4$d©2009 215 $a1 online resource (312 p.) 225 1 $aStudies in Pragmatics,$x1750-368X 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-84950-677-9 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters. 327 $tPreliminary Material /$rHansen Maj-Britt Mosegaard and Jacqueline Visconti -- $tCurrent Trends in Diachronic Semantics and Pragmatics /$rMaj-Britt Mosegaard Hansen and Jacqueline Visconti -- $tAPO: Avoid Pragmatic Overload /$rRegine Eckardt -- $tDiachronic Pathways and Pragmatic Strategies: Different Types of Pragmatic Particles from a Diachronic Point of View /$rUlrich Detges and Richard Waltereit -- $tContext Sensitive Changes: The Development of the Affirmative Markers godt ?good? and vel ?well? in Danish /$rEva Skafte Jensen -- $tProcatalepsis and the Etymology of Hedging and Boosting Particles /$rKate Beeching -- $tCentral/Peripheral Functions of allora and ?Overall Pragmatic Configuration?: A Diachronic Perspective /$rCarla Bazzanella and Johanna Miecznikowski -- $tThe Importance of Paradigms in Grammaticalisation: Spanish Digressive Markers por cierto and a propósito /$rMaria Estellés -- $tThe Multiple Origin of es que in Modern Spanish: Diachronic Evidence /$rMagdalena Romera -- $tFrom Aspect/Mood Marker to Discourse Particle: Reconstructing Syntactic and Semantic Change /$rBethwyn Evans -- $tThe Grammaticalization Channels of Evidentials and Modal Particles in German: Integration in Textual Structures as a Common Feature /$rGabriele Diewald , Marijana Kresic and Elena Smirnova -- $tEvidentiality, Epistemicity, and their Diachronic Connections to Non-Factuality /$rMario Squartini -- $tThe Grammaticalization of Negative Reinforcers in Old and Middle French: A Discourse?Functional Approach /$rMaj-Britt Mosegaard Hansen -- $tA Roots Journey of a French Preposition /$rSilvia Adler and Maria Asnes -- $tThe Grammaticalization of Privative Adjectives: The Case of Mere /$rElke Gehweiler -- $tThe Origin of Semantic Change in Discourse Tradition: A Case Study /$rKaterina Stathi. 330 $aThe focus of this volume is on semantic and pragmatic change, its causes and mechanisms. The papers gathered here offer both theoretical proposals of more general scope and in-depth studies of language-specific cases of meaning change in particular notional domains. The analyses include data from English, several Romance languages, German, Scandinavian languages, and Oceanic languages. Detailed case-studies covering central semantic domains, such as concession, evidentiality, intensification, modality, negation, scalarity, subjectivity, and temporality, allow the authors to test and refine current models of semantic change, by focusing, for instance, on the respective roles of speakers and hearers in the process and on the relationship between semantic and syntactic reanalysis. Key theoretical notions, such as presuppositions, paradigms, word order, and discourse status are revisited in a diachronic perspective to provide innovative accounts of causes and motivations for linguistic changes. A prominent theme is the evolution of procedural meanings of various kinds. Thus, several papers feature different types of pragmatic markers as their object of study, while others are concerned with items and constructions expressing modality, evidentiality, negation, and relational meanings. Closely related themes are: the interface between semantics and pragmatics/discourse, with figurative uses of language, rhetorical-argumentational strategies, discourse traditions, information structure, and the importance of dialogic contexts in change playing a salient role in several papers; the relationship between meaning change and processes such as grammaticalization, subjectification and pragmaticalization; and, the thorny issue of the categorization of linguistic items such as discourse markers or modal particles, evidentials or epistemic modals, to which the diachronic data are shown to contribute substantially. The volume will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in the fields of semantics, pragmatics, discourse analysis, grammaticalization, and historical linguistics. 410 0$aStudies in pragmatics. 606 $aLinguistic change 606 $aSemantics, Historical 606 $aPragmatics 615 0$aLinguistic change. 615 0$aSemantics, Historical. 615 0$aPragmatics. 676 $a417.7 702 $aMosegaard Hansen$b Maj-Britt 702 $aVisconti$b Jacqueline 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910781198303321 996 $aCurrent trends in diachronic semantics and pragmatics$93689610 997 $aUNINA LEADER 06499oam 22013334 450 001 9910789035603321 005 20230803034341.0 010 $a1-4843-2411-0 010 $a1-4843-2396-3 010 $a1-4843-2414-5 035 $a(CKB)3710000000086803 035 $a(EBL)1599879 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001167582 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11656898 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001167582 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11130048 035 $a(PQKB)10669395 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1599879 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1599879 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10831135 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL569646 035 $a(OCoLC)869094912 035 $a(IMF)1RWAEE2013005 035 $a(IMF)1RWAEA2013005 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000086803 100 $a20020129d2013 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aRwanda : $eSeventh Review Under the Policy Support Instrument, Request for a Three-Year Policy Support Instrument and Cancellation of Current Policy Support Instrument 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2013. 215 $a1 online resource (102 p.) 225 1 $aIMF Staff Country Reports 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-4843-2338-6 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aCover; CONTENTS; THE CONTEXT; BACKGROUND; A. Economic Developments; BOXES; 1. Experiences and Lessons from the Expiring PSI; B. Program Performance; C. Near-Term Outlook and Risks; POLICY DISCUSSIONS; A. The Macroeconomic Framework; B. Sustaining Growth and Poverty Reduction; 2. A Soft Landing on Aid; 3. Private Sector Development; 4. Rwanda and EAC Integration; C. Maintaining a Sustainable Fiscal Position and Creating Fiscal Space; 5. Revenue Mobilization Strategy; D. Modernizing the Monetary Policy Framework; 6. Strengthening the Monetary Policy Framework 327 $aE. Enhancing Access to Credit and Reducing Financial Sector VulnerabilitiesF. Preserving Debt Sustainability; G. Technical Assistance; PROGRAM ISSUES; STAFF APPRAISAL; FIGURES; 1. EAC Economic Indicators; 2. Recent Performance; 3. Selected High-Frequency Indicators of Economic Activity; 4. Fiscal Developments; 5a. Inflation Developments; 5b. Inflation Outlook; 6. Monetary Developments; 7. Medium-Term Outlook; TABLES; 1. Selected Economic and Financial Indicators, 2009-18; 2. Balance of Payments, 2009-18; 3. Operations of the Central Government, Fiscal-Year Basis,[sup(1)] 2009/10-17/18 327 $a4. Monetary Survey, 2010-145. Financial Soundness Indicators for Banking Sector, 2009-13; 6. Millennium Development Goals; APPENDIXES; I. Letter of Intent; Attachment I. Memorandum of Economic and Financial Policies; Attachment II. Technical Memorandum of Understanding; II. Joint Bank-Fund Debt Sustainability Analysis Update 330 3 $aThis paper discusses Rwanda?s Seventh Review Under the Policy Support Instrument (PSI), Request for a Three-Year PSI and Cancellation of Current PSI. Progress under the PSI has continued to be satisfactory. Except for the ceiling on nonconcessional borrowing (NCB), all quantitative assessment criteria were met. All indicative targets and structural benchmarks were also met. The nonobservance of the NCB ceiling came about when the authorities allowed Rwandair to contract a new US$50.7 million external loan in July. Presently, the IMF staff recommends a waiver on the basis of the authorities? commitment to prevent any reoccurrence. 410 0$aIMF Staff Country Reports; Country Report ;$vNo. 2013/372 606 $aEconomic stabilization$zRwanda 606 $aMacroeconomics$2imf 606 $aMoney and Monetary Policy$2imf 606 $aPublic Finance$2imf 606 $aIndustries: Financial Services$2imf 606 $aSocial Services and Welfare$2imf 606 $aGovernment Policy$2imf 606 $aProvision and Effects of Welfare Program$2imf 606 $aTaxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General$2imf 606 $aMonetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General$2imf 606 $aNational Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General$2imf 606 $aBanks$2imf 606 $aDepository Institutions$2imf 606 $aMicro Finance Institutions$2imf 606 $aMortgages$2imf 606 $aFiscal Policy$2imf 606 $aPublic finance & taxation$2imf 606 $aSocial welfare & social services$2imf 606 $aMonetary economics$2imf 606 $aFinance$2imf 606 $aRevenue administration$2imf 606 $aPublic financial management (PFM)$2imf 606 $aPoverty reduction strategy$2imf 606 $aMonetary base$2imf 606 $aLoans$2imf 606 $aPoverty$2imf 606 $aFinancial institutions$2imf 606 $aMoney$2imf 606 $aRevenue$2imf 606 $aFinance, Public$2imf 606 $aMoney supply$2imf 606 $aFiscal policy$2imf 607 $aRwanda$xEconomic policy 607 $aRwanda$2imf 615 0$aEconomic stabilization 615 7$aMacroeconomics 615 7$aMoney and Monetary Policy 615 7$aPublic Finance 615 7$aIndustries: Financial Services 615 7$aSocial Services and Welfare 615 7$aGovernment Policy 615 7$aProvision and Effects of Welfare Program 615 7$aTaxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General 615 7$aMonetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General 615 7$aNational Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General 615 7$aBanks 615 7$aDepository Institutions 615 7$aMicro Finance Institutions 615 7$aMortgages 615 7$aFiscal Policy 615 7$aPublic finance & taxation 615 7$aSocial welfare & social services 615 7$aMonetary economics 615 7$aFinance 615 7$aRevenue administration 615 7$aPublic financial management (PFM) 615 7$aPoverty reduction strategy 615 7$aMonetary base 615 7$aLoans 615 7$aPoverty 615 7$aFinancial institutions 615 7$aMoney 615 7$aRevenue 615 7$aFinance, Public 615 7$aMoney supply 615 7$aFiscal policy 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910789035603321 996 $aRwanda$9225400 997 $aUNINA