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100   $a20080325d2009      ub             0
101 0 $aeng
135   $aurnn#---|u||u
181   $ctxt
182   $cc
183   $acr
200 10$aBacklash 9/11$b[electronic resource] $eMiddle Eastern and Muslim Americans respond /$fAnny Bakalian and Mehdi Bozorgmehr
210   $aBerkeley $cUniversity of California Press$dc2009
215   $a1 online resource (366 p.)
300   $aDescription based upon print version of record.
311 0 $a0-520-25734-0 
311 0 $a0-520-25735-9 
320   $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 309-331) and index.
327   $tFront matter --$tContents --$tFigures and Tables --$tAbbreviations --$tAcknowledgments --$t1. Backlash against Middle Eastern and Muslim Americans --$t2. The Post-9/11 Backlash in Comparative and Historical Perspectives --$t3. Immigration Patterns, Characteristics, and Identities --$t4. Organizational Structures and Transformation --$t5. Hate Crimes and Bias Incidents --$t6. Government Initiatives and the Impact of the Backlash --$t7. Mobilization --$t8. Religious Accommodation, Civic Engagement, and Political Integration --$tAppendix. A Time Line of Government Initiatives and Actions --$tNotes --$tReferences --$tIndex
330   $aFor most Americans, September 11, 2001, symbolized the moment when their security was altered. For Middle Eastern and Muslim Americans, 9/11 also ushered in a backlash in the form of hate crimes, discrimination, and a string of devastating government initiatives. This book provides the first comprehensive analysis of the impact of the post-9/11 events on Middle Eastern and Muslim Americans as well as their organized response. Through fieldwork and interviews with community leaders, Anny Bakalian and Mehdi Bozorgmehr show how ethnic organizations mobilized to demonstrate their commitment to the United States while defending their rights and distancing themselves from the terrorists.
606   $aWar on Terrorism, 2001-2009$xMoral and ethical aspects
606   $aSeptember 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001$xInfluence
606   $aHate crimes$zUnited States
606   $aMuslims$zUnited States
606   $aArab Americans$xCrimes against$zUnited States
610   $a9/11.
610   $aamerican culture.
610   $aamerican government.
610   $abacklash.
610   $abias incidents.
610   $acivic engagement.
610   $acivil rights.
610   $acommunity leaders.
610   $adiscrimination.
610   $aethnic discrimination.
610   $afieldwork.
610   $agovernment initiatives.
610   $ahate crimes.
610   $aimmigration and emigration.
610   $aimmigration patterns.
610   $aislam.
610   $amiddle eastern americans.
610   $amuslim americans.
610   $anational security.
610   $aorganization transformation.
610   $aorganizational structures.
610   $apolitical integration.
610   $apolitics.
610   $aracial discrimination.
610   $areligions accommodation.
610   $areligious discrimination.
610   $aseptember 11.
610   $aterrorism.
615  0$aWar on Terrorism, 2001-2009$xMoral and ethical aspects.
615  0$aSeptember 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001$xInfluence.
615  0$aHate crimes
615  0$aMuslims
615  0$aArab Americans$xCrimes against
676   $a973.931
700   $aBakalian$b Anny P$01160688
701   $aBozorgmehr$b Mehdi$01575774
801  0$bMiAaPQ
801  1$bMiAaPQ
801  2$bMiAaPQ
906   $aBOOK
912   $a9910788802403321
996   $aBacklash 9$93853018
997   $aUNINA