LEADER 05506oam 22012254 450 001 9910788520303321 005 20230829002207.0 010 $a1-4623-8914-7 010 $a1-4527-5518-3 010 $a1-282-39187-9 010 $a9786613820303 010 $a1-4519-0941-1 035 $a(CKB)3360000000443071 035 $a(EBL)3014425 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000942122 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11582405 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000942122 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10972785 035 $a(PQKB)11012256 035 $a(OCoLC)694141072 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3014425 035 $a(IMF)WPIEE2006228 035 $a(EXLCZ)993360000000443071 100 $a20020129d2006 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aMeasures of Central Bank Autonomy : $eEmpirical Evidence for OECD, Developing, and Emerging Market Economies /$fJean-François Segalotto, Marco Arnone, Bernard Laurens 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2006. 215 $a1 online resource (39 p.) 225 1 $aIMF Working Papers 300 $a"October 2006." 311 $a1-4518-6488-4 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $a""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION AND DATA""; ""II. UPDATED INDICATORS OF CENTRAL BANK AUTONOMY IN SELECTED OECD COUNTRIES""; ""III. AUTONOMY INDICATORS FOR EMERGING MARKETS AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES""; ""IV. PROGRESS TOWARDS AUTONOMY IN EMERGING MARKETS AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES""; ""V. OVERVIEW OF INDICATORS AND STANDARDIZED RESULTS""; ""VI. CONCLUDING REMARKS""; ""LEGAL SOURCES CONSULTED""; ""CUKIERMAN VARIABLES VERSUS GMT VARIABLES""; ""REFERENCES"" 330 3 $aThis paper presents an update of the Grilli-Masciandaro-Tabellini (GMT) index of central bank (CB) autonomy, based on CB legislation as of end-2003. The index is applied to a set of OECD and developing countries, and emerging market economies. For a smaller set of countries, the paper presents a reconstruction of the GMT index based on Cukierman (1992) and assesses changes in CB autonomy between 1992 and 2003. The results point to a significant increase in CB autonomy, in particular for developing countries. In most cases, this improvement has involved a three-stage process: an initial stage in which the political foundations for CB autonomy are laid; a second stage in which operational autonomy develops; and a final stage in which CBs gain further political autonomy in terms of policy formulation and the appointment of senior management. 410 0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2006/228 606 $aBanks and banking, Central$xLaw and legislation$zDeveloping countries 606 $aBanks and banking, Central$xLaw and legislation$zOECD countries 606 $aMonetary policy$zDeveloping countries 606 $aMonetary policy$zOECD countries 606 $aBanks and Banking$2imf 606 $aFinance: General$2imf 606 $aPublic Finance$2imf 606 $aCentral Banks and Their Policies$2imf 606 $aBanks$2imf 606 $aDepository Institutions$2imf 606 $aMicro Finance Institutions$2imf 606 $aMortgages$2imf 606 $aGeneral Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data)$2imf 606 $aTaxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General$2imf 606 $aMonetary Policy$2imf 606 $aBanking$2imf 606 $aFinance$2imf 606 $aPublic finance & taxation$2imf 606 $aEmerging and frontier financial markets$2imf 606 $aCentral bank autonomy$2imf 606 $aCentral bank legislation$2imf 606 $aLegal support in revenue administration$2imf 606 $aFinancial markets$2imf 606 $aCentral banks$2imf 606 $aRevenue administration$2imf 606 $aBanks and banking$2imf 606 $aFinancial services industry$2imf 606 $aRevenue$2imf 607 $aMexico$2imf 615 0$aBanks and banking, Central$xLaw and legislation 615 0$aBanks and banking, Central$xLaw and legislation 615 0$aMonetary policy 615 0$aMonetary policy 615 7$aBanks and Banking 615 7$aFinance: General 615 7$aPublic Finance 615 7$aCentral Banks and Their Policies 615 7$aBanks 615 7$aDepository Institutions 615 7$aMicro Finance Institutions 615 7$aMortgages 615 7$aGeneral Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) 615 7$aTaxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General 615 7$aMonetary Policy 615 7$aBanking 615 7$aFinance 615 7$aPublic finance & taxation 615 7$aEmerging and frontier financial markets 615 7$aCentral bank autonomy 615 7$aCentral bank legislation 615 7$aLegal support in revenue administration 615 7$aFinancial markets 615 7$aCentral banks 615 7$aRevenue administration 615 7$aBanks and banking 615 7$aFinancial services industry 615 7$aRevenue 700 $aSegalotto$b Jean-François$01462076 701 $aArnone$b Marco$0120033 701 $aLaurens$b Bernard$01462077 712 02$aInternational Monetary Fund.$bMonetary and Capital Markets Dept. 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910788520303321 996 $aMeasures of Central Bank Autonomy$93670926 997 $aUNINA