LEADER 04820oam 22010694 450 001 9910788339403321 005 20230207215044.0 010 $a1-4623-6586-8 010 $a1-4527-0870-3 010 $a1-4518-7205-4 010 $a9786612842795 010 $a1-282-84279-X 035 $a(CKB)3170000000055220 035 $a(EBL)1608216 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000943064 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11584481 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000943064 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10974566 035 $a(PQKB)11541562 035 $a(OCoLC)469142098 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1608216 035 $a(IMF)WPIEE2009058 035 $a(EXLCZ)993170000000055220 100 $a20020129d2009 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aSocial Security Reforms in Colombia : $eStriking Demographic and Fiscal Balances /$fSergio Clavijo 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2009. 215 $a1 online resource (33 p.) 225 1 $aIMF Working Papers 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-4519-1640-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aContents; I. Introduction; II. Pension Reforms in Colombia; A. Retirement Age; 1. Retirement Age Gap; B. Replacement Rates; 2. Evolution of Replacement Rates; 3. Expected Replacement Rates Under the Private AFP's System; C. Coverage and Labor Informality; 4. Pension Contributions: Worker/Firm Share; D. Fiscal Impact of Pension Reforms; 5. Projected Cash Payments to Support Paygo; 6. Estimated NPV of Pension Liabilities; III. Health Reforms in Colombia; A. Improving Coverage and Subsidies Allocation: Law 100 of 1993; 7. Structure of the Health Care System; B. Health Care Results 327 $a8. Colombia Health Care and Pension CoverageC. Fiscal Impact of Health Care Reforms; 9. Health Care Spending; Tables; 1. Population, Labor and Health Care Coverage Projections; 10. GDP Per Capita and Labor Formality Correlation; 2. Health Care and Fiscal Cost Projections; 11. Health Care and Fiscal Cost Projections; 3. Health Care NPV by Type of Obligation; Figures; IV. Conclusions; 12. A Comparison of the NPV of Social Security Public Liabilities of Colombia and the United States; References 330 3 $aThis paper analyzes the economic rationale for adopting parametric pension reforms and reforms broadening the coverage of public health care in Colombia during 1993-2008. Parametric pension reforms have focused on increasing the retirement age and moderating replacement rates. The health system reforms aimed at reaching universal coverage by 2012, while providing a more homogenous level of services. Our results indicate that the Net Present Value of the debt of the social security system in Colombia is roughly 160 percent of GDP for pensions and about 97 percent of GDP for the health system. 410 0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2009/058 606 $aSocial security$zColombia 606 $aSocial change$zColombia 606 $aLabor$2imf 606 $aPublic Finance$2imf 606 $aHealth Policy$2imf 606 $aAnalysis of Health Care Markets$2imf 606 $aNonwage Labor Costs and Benefits$2imf 606 $aPrivate Pensions$2imf 606 $aSocial Security and Public Pensions$2imf 606 $aHealth: General$2imf 606 $aRetirement$2imf 606 $aRetirement Policies$2imf 606 $aPensions$2imf 606 $aHealth systems & services$2imf 606 $aHealth economics$2imf 606 $aLabour$2imf 606 $aincome economics$2imf 606 $aHealth care$2imf 606 $aPension spending$2imf 606 $aHealth$2imf 606 $aExpenditure$2imf 606 $aMedical care$2imf 607 $aColombia$2imf 615 0$aSocial security 615 0$aSocial change 615 7$aLabor 615 7$aPublic Finance 615 7$aHealth Policy 615 7$aAnalysis of Health Care Markets 615 7$aNonwage Labor Costs and Benefits 615 7$aPrivate Pensions 615 7$aSocial Security and Public Pensions 615 7$aHealth: General 615 7$aRetirement 615 7$aRetirement Policies 615 7$aPensions 615 7$aHealth systems & services 615 7$aHealth economics 615 7$aLabour 615 7$aincome economics 615 7$aHealth care 615 7$aPension spending 615 7$aHealth 615 7$aExpenditure 615 7$aMedical care 676 $a330.98 700 $aClavijo$b Sergio$01493450 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910788339403321 996 $aSocial Security Reforms in Colombia$93716445 997 $aUNINA