LEADER 05267nam 2200625 450 001 9910787996503321 005 20230803195532.0 010 $a0-19-935505-3 010 $a0-19-935504-5 035 $a(CKB)2670000000545506 035 $a(EBL)1657781 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001132807 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12523651 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001132807 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11155284 035 $a(PQKB)10440073 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1657781 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1657781 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10852016 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL584398 035 $a(OCoLC)875097950 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000545506 100 $a20140329h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aProportionality in international law /$fMichael Newton, Larry May 210 1$aNew York :$cOxford University Press,$d2014. 210 4$dİ2014 215 $a1 online resource (354 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-306-53147-0 311 $a0-19-935503-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover; Proportionality in International Law; Copyright; Contents; 1 Introduction; I. A Preliminary Understanding of Jus in Bello Proportionality; II. An Example of Friendly Fire between the United States and Pakistan; III. Some Preliminary Directions; 2 What is Proportionality?; I. What is Proportionality at its Most Basic?; II. Comparability and Context; III. Proportionality at the International Criminal Court and Protocol I; IV. Some Additional Examples; V. Proportionality's Paradox: Fixed Standards Assessments Reached Subjectively; 3 Proportionality: A Multiplicity of Meanings 327 $aI. The Limits of Lawful GovernanceII. The Limits of Lawful State Punishment; III. The Regulation of Investor-State Interests; IV. Maritime Delimitation; V. The Law of Countermeasures in Trade; VI. State-Imposed Restraints on Human Rights; 4 Proportionality in the Just War Tradition; I. Jus Ad Bellum Proportionality; II. Jus in Bello Proportionality; III. Jus Post Bellum Proportionality; IV. The Three Just War Proportionality Principles; V. Significance for International Law; 5 Proportionality in International Humanitarian Law; I. Framing the Jus in Bello and Jus ad Bellum Legal Debates 327 $aII. The Origins of Jus in Bello ProportionalityIII. Proportionality and Professionalization; IV. The Emergence of Proportionality in Treaty Law; V. The Lieber Code and Additional Protocol I; VI. The International Criminal Court Framing of the Crime of Disproportionate Attacks; 6 Proportionality in Human Rights Law and Morality; I. Humanitarian Law and Human Rights Law; II. Worries about Applying Human Rights Law to Armed Conflict; III. Just War Theory and Human Rights; IV. Lex Specialis and Forfeitures; V. Necessity's Relation to Proportionality; VI. The Crime of Disproportionate Attack 327 $a7 The Uniqueness of Jus in Bello ProportionalityI. Suitability, Necessity, and Proportionality; II. Commonalities among Different Uses of Proportionality; A. The Pervasive Use of Negative Phraseology; B. Breadth of Permissible Discretion; C. What Proportionality is Not26; III. What is the Positive Role of Proportionality?; A. The Articulation of Cardinal Values; B. The Preservation of Space for Second Opinions Reevaluating Discretionary Acts; C. The Establishment of a Framework for Interrelation; IV. Why Jus in Bello Proportionality is Unique; A. The Context of Armed Conflict 327 $aB. The Attribution of ActsC. The Permissive Nature of the Jus in Bello Regime; 8 Countermeasures and Counterinsurgency; I. Proportionate Countermeasures; II. Examples of Difficult Counterinsurgency Cases; 9 Human Shields and Risk; I. Forced Choices; II. International Law and Human Shields; III. Voluntary Human Shields; IV. Involuntary Human Shields; V. Risk and Concern about Civilians; VI. Adjusting the Rules of War so as Not to Favor Oppressors; 10 Targeted Killings and Proportionality in Law: Two Models; I. The Drone Strikes Controversy 327 $aII. Status and Conduct: International Humanitarian Law and Domestic Law Enforcement 330 $aProportionality is intimately linked to the overarching concepts of self-defense, lawful force, and the controlled application of violence. It is one of the most visible facets of humanitarian law designed to reduce unnecessary human suffering and avoid excessive damage to property, and the natural environment. However, its application has come under renewed scrutiny and sustained controversy as a result of wars against non-state actors and from the extensive use of drones, human shields, cyber war techniques, and counterinsurgency tactics. Proportionality in International Law critically asses 606 $aProportionality in law 615 0$aProportionality in law. 676 $a341.01 700 $aNewton$b Michael A.$f1962-$01551993 702 $aMay$b Larry 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910787996503321 996 $aProportionality in international law$93811755 997 $aUNINA