LEADER 04754nam 2200685Ia 450 001 9910787545103321 005 20220307213727.0 010 $a0-8122-0204-X 024 7 $a10.9783/9780812202045 035 $a(CKB)2670000000418228 035 $a(OCoLC)654157599 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10748494 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001076511 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11606709 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001076511 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11028677 035 $a(PQKB)11566251 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse29817 035 $a(DE-B1597)449062 035 $a(OCoLC)979630905 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780812202045 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3442105 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10748494 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL682347 035 $a(OCoLC)932312994 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3442105 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000418228 100 $a20130830d2005 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aGroup harmony$b[electronic resource] $ethe black urban roots of rhythm & blues /$fStuart L. Goosman 210 $aPhiladelphia $cUniversity of Pennsylvania Press$d2005 215 $a1 online resource (305 p.) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 0 $a1-322-51065-2 311 0 $a0-8122-2108-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tContents --$tPreface --$t1. Antecedents --$t2. Time and Place --$t3. Entrepreneurship --$t4. Mediators --$t5 Patterns --$tEpilogue --$tAppendix --$tBibliography --$tIndex --$tAcknowledgments 330 $aIn 1948, the Orioles, a Baltimore-based vocal group, recorded "It's Too Soon to Know." Combining the sound of Tin Pan Alley with gospel and blues sensibilities, the Orioles saw their first hit reach #13 on the pop charts, thus introducing the nation to vocal rhythm & blues and paving the way for the most successful groups of the 1950s.In the first scholarly treatment of this influential musical genre, Stuart Goosman chronicles the Orioles' story and that of myriad other black vocal groups in the postwar period. A few, like the Orioles, Cardinals, and Swallows from Baltimore and the Clovers from Washington, D.C., established the popularity of vocal rhythm & blues nationally. Dozens of other well-known groups (and hundreds of unknown ones) across the country cut records and performed until about 1960. Record companies initially marketed this music as rhythm & blues; today, group harmony continues to resonate for some as "doo-wop. "Focusing in particular on Baltimore and Washington and drawing significantly from oral histories, Group Harmony details the emergence of vocal rhythm & blues groups from black urban neighborhoods. Group harmony was a source of empowerment for young singers, for it provided them with a means of expression and some aspect of control over their lives where there were limited alternatives. Through group harmony, young black males celebrated and musically confounded, when they could not overcome, complex issues of race, separatism, and assimilation during the postwar period. Group harmony also became a significant resource for the popular music industry. Goosman interviews dozens of performers, deejays, and industry professionals to examine the entrepreneurial promise of midcentury popular music and chronicle the convergence of music, place, and business, including the business of records, radio, promotion, and song writing. Featured in the book's account of the black urban roots of rhythm & blues are the recollections of singers from groups such as the Cardinals, Clovers, Dunbar Four, Four Bars of Rhythm, Five Blue Notes, Hi Fi's, Plants, Swallows, and many others, including Jimmy McPhail, a well-known Washington vocalist; Deborah Chessler, the manager and songwriter for the original Orioles; Jesse Stone, the writer and arranger from Atlantic Records; Washington radio personality Jackson Lowe; and seminal black deejays Al ("Big Boy") Jefferson, Maurice ("Hot Rod") Hulbert, and Tex Gathings. 606 $aRhythm and blues music$xHistory and criticism 606 $aAfrican Americans$xSocial conditions 610 $aAfrican Studies. 610 $aAfrican-American Studies. 610 $aAmerican History. 610 $aAmerican Studies. 610 $aMusic. 615 0$aRhythm and blues music$xHistory and criticism. 615 0$aAfrican Americans$xSocial conditions. 676 $a781.64309 700 $aGoosman$b Stuart L.$f1953-2017.$01550546 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910787545103321 996 $aGroup harmony$93809429 997 $aUNINA