LEADER 05113nam 2200865Ia 450 001 9910787523703321 005 20220304022914.0 010 $a0-8122-2454-X 010 $a0-8122-0842-0 024 7 $a10.9783/9780812208429 035 $a(CKB)2670000000418262 035 $a(OCoLC)858523127 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10748534 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001036537 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11629187 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001036537 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11041944 035 $a(PQKB)10115511 035 $a(OCoLC)867739914 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse27240 035 $a(DE-B1597)449770 035 $a(OCoLC)979881186 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780812208429 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3442133 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10748534 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL682585 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3442133 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000418262 100 $a20130328d2013 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aSex and international tribunals$b[electronic resource] $ethe erasure of gender from the war narrative /$fChiseche Salome Mibenge 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aPhiladelphia $cUniversity of Pennsylvania Press$dc2013 215 $a1 online resource (246 p.) 225 0 $aPennsylvania Studies in Human Rights 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 0 $a1-322-51303-1 311 0 $a0-8122-4518-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tContents --$tIntroduction. Gender and Violence in the Market and Beyond --$tChapter 1. The Women Were Not Raped: Gender and Violence in Butare-Ville --$tChapter 2. All the Women Were Raped: Gender and Violence in Rwanda --$tChapter 3. All Men Rape: Gender and Violence in Sierra Leone --$tChapter 4. All Women Are Slaves: Insiders and Outsiders to Gender and Violence --$tConclusion. There Are No Raped Women Here --$tNotes --$tWorks Cited --$tIndex --$tAcknowledgments 330 $aBefore the twenty-first century, there was little legal precedent for the prosecution of sexual violence as a war crime. Now, international tribunals have the potential to help make sense of political violence against both men and women; they have the power to uphold victims' claims and to convict the leaders and choreographers of systematic atrocity. However, by privileging certain accounts of violence over others, tribunals more often confirm outmoded gender norms, consigning women to permanent rape victim status. In Sex and International Tribunals, Chiseche Salome Mibenge identifies the cultural assumptions behind the legal profession's claims to impartiality and universality. Focusing on the postwar tribunals in Rwanda and Sierra Leone, Mibenge mines the transcripts of local and supranational criminal trials and truth and reconciliation commissions in order to identify and closely examine legal definitions of forced marriage, sexual enslavement, and the conscription of children that overlook the gendered experiences of armed conflict beyond the mass rape of women and girls. In many cases, a single rape conviction constitutes sufficient proof that gender-based violence has been mainstreamed into the prosecution of war crimes. Drawing on anthropological research in African conflicts, and feminist theory, Mibenge challenges legal narratives that reinscribe essentialized notions of gender in the conduct and resolution of violent conflict and uncovers the suppressed testimonies of men and women who are unwilling or unable to recite the legal scripts that would elevate them to the status of victimhood recognized by an international and humanitarian audience. At a moment when international intervention in conflicts is increasingly an option, Sex and International Tribunals points the way to a more nuanced and just response from courts. 410 0$aPennsylvania studies in human rights. 606 $aRape as a weapon of war$vCase studies 606 $aCriminal investigation (International law) 606 $aRape as a weapon of war$zRwanda 606 $aRape as a weapon of war$zSierra Leone 606 $aWomen$xViolence against$zRwanda 606 $aWomen$xViolence against$zSierra Leone 607 $aRwanda$xHistory$yCivil War, 1994$xWomen 607 $aSierra Leone$xHistory$yCivil War, 1991-2002$xWomen 610 $aAnthropology. 610 $aFolklore. 610 $aGender Studies. 610 $aHuman Rights. 610 $aLaw. 610 $aLinguistics. 615 0$aRape as a weapon of war 615 0$aCriminal investigation (International law) 615 0$aRape as a weapon of war 615 0$aRape as a weapon of war 615 0$aWomen$xViolence against 615 0$aWomen$xViolence against 676 $a341.6/9 700 $aMibenge$b Chiseche Salome$01480467 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910787523703321 996 $aSex and international tribunals$93697126 997 $aUNINA