LEADER 04439nam 2200673Ia 450 001 9910787522303321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a0-8122-0362-3 024 7 $a10.9783/9780812203622 035 $a(CKB)2670000000418342 035 $a(OCoLC)859161640 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10748797 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse26739 035 $a(DE-B1597)449224 035 $a(OCoLC)1013950685 035 $a(OCoLC)979622735 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780812203622 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3442223 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10748797 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL688590 035 $a(OCoLC)873030511 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3442223 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000418342 100 $a20060418d2006 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aBiotech$b[electronic resource] $ethe countercultural origins of an industry /$fEric J. Vettel 210 $aPhiladelphia $cUniversity of Pennsylvania Press$dc2006 215 $a1 online resource (290 p.) 225 0 $aPolitics and Culture in Modern America 225 0$aPolitics and culture in modern America 311 $a1-322-57308-5 311 $a0-8122-2051-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [229]-268) and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tContents --$tPreface --$t1. The Setting, 1946 --$t2. Patronage and Policy --$t3 The Promise and Peril of the BVL --$t4. The Ascent of Pure Research --$t5. Research Life! --$t6. A Season of Policy Reform --$t7. Crossing the Threshold --$t8. Cetus: History's First Biotechnology Company --$tConclusion: An End . . . --$tNotes --$tSources Consulted --$tIndex 330 $aThe seemingly unlimited reach of powerful biotechnologies and the attendant growth of the multibillion-dollar industry have raised difficult questions about the scientific discoveries, political assumptions, and cultural patterns that gave rise to for-profit biological research. Given such extraordinary stakes, a history of the commercial biotechnology industry must inquire far beyond the predictable attention to scientists, discovery, and corporate sales. It must pursue how something so complex as the biotechnology industry was born, poised to become both a vanguard for contemporary world capitalism and a focal point for polemic ethical debate. In Biotech, Eric J. Vettel chronicles the story behind genetic engineering, recombinant DNA, cloning, and stem-cell research. It is a story about the meteoric rise of government support for scientific research during the Cold War, about activists and student protesters in the Vietnam era pressing for a new purpose in science, about politicians creating policy that alters the course of science, and also about the release of powerful entrepreneurial energies in universities and in venture capital that few realized existed. Most of all, it is a story about people-not just biologists but also followers and opponents who knew nothing about the biological sciences yet cared deeply about how biological research was done and how the resulting knowledge was used. Vettel weaves together these stories to illustrate how the biotechnology industry was born in the San Francisco Bay area, examining the anomalies, ironies, and paradoxes that contributed to its rise. Culled from oral histories, university records, and private corporate archives, including Cetus, the world's first biotechnology company, this compelling history shows how a cultural and political revolution in the 1960's resulted in a new scientific order: the practical application of biological knowledge supported by private investors expecting profitable returns eclipsed basic research supported by government agencies. 606 $aBiotechnology$xHistory 606 $aBiotechnology industries$xHistory 610 $aAmerican History. 610 $aAmerican Studies. 610 $aBusiness. 610 $aEconomics. 610 $aHistory of Science. 610 $aNatural History. 610 $aTechnology and Engineering. 615 0$aBiotechnology$xHistory. 615 0$aBiotechnology industries$xHistory. 676 $a338.4/76606 700 $aVettel$b Eric James$01480459 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910787522303321 996 $aBiotech$93697113 997 $aUNINA