LEADER 05461nam 2200637 450 001 9910787400403321 005 20230803212343.0 010 $a1-119-04163-5 010 $a1-119-04164-3 035 $a(CKB)3710000000321385 035 $a(EBL)1895981 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001432317 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11888166 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001432317 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11390374 035 $a(PQKB)11500852 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1895981 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000321385 100 $a20150131h20142014 uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aBudget and finance in the American community college /$fTrudy H. Bers, Ronald B. Head, James C. Palmer, editors 210 1$aSan Francisco :$cJossey-Bass,$d[2014] 210 4$dİ2014 215 $a1 online resource (147 p.) 225 1 $aNew directions for community colleges ;$vnumber 168, Winter 2014 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-119-04156-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aBudget and Finance in the American Community College; CONTENTS; EDITORS' NOTES; Reference; 1 The Clear and Present Funding Crisis in Community Colleges; Community College Funding: A Retrospective View; The Community College Funding Crisis; Decline in Enrollment; Reductions in State Aid; Unsustained Fiscal Initiatives and Unfunded Mandates; Other Contributors; Implications for the Community College Mission; Leadership Implications and Strategy; Conclusion; References; 2 Community College Budgeting and Financing Demystified; The Budgeting Cycle; Cost Allocation and Budgeting 327 $aOther Budgeting IssuesUsing Budgets for Planning and Control; Requirements of Government and Accrediting Bodies; Conclusion; References; 3 Budgeting Approaches in Community Colleges; Incremental Budgeting; Formula Budgeting; Zero-Base Budgeting; Planning, Programming, and Budgeting Systems; Responsibility Center Budgeting; The Enduring Incremental Approach; References; 4 Program Costs and Student Completion; Introduction; Why Estimate Costs of Academic Programs; How to Estimate Program Costs; What Can Unit-Record-Level Cost Data Do for Your College?; Why Estimate Costs of Student Pathways 327 $aHow to Estimate Pathway CostsThe Efficiency Metric: Cost per Unit of Output; Changes in Adjusted Pathway Costs; Conclusion; Suggestions for Practitioners; References; 5 The Implications of State Fiscal Policies for Community Colleges; Enrollment Pressures; The Policy Context of Fiscal Pressures on Community Colleges; Changes in Tuition and Enrollment; A Weak Relationship Between Tuition and Enrollment Changes; Online Course Enrollment; Enrollment Demand Taken Up by the For-Profit Sector; Performance-Based Funding; Fiscal Impacts on College Personnel 327 $aIncorporating Effectiveness Into the Community College MissionReferences; 6 Linking Resource Decisions to Planning; The Strategic Plan; Environmental Scans; Foundational Plans and Budget Implications; Academic Plans; Facilities Plans; Technology Plans; Financial Plans; Linking Strategic Plans to Budgets; The Challenge of Priorities; The Challenge of Limited Flexibility; The Challenge of Funding Formulas; The Challenge of Leveraging Opportunities; The Challenge of Institutional Cultures; The Challenge of Grants and Donations; Translating Priorities Into Budget Decision Packages; Conclusion 327 $aReferences7 Philanthropy and Private Foundations: Expanding Revenue Sources; Community College Foundations; Fundraising Strategies; External Foundations; Types of Foundations; Best Practices; Conclusion; References; 8 Entrepreneurship: The College as a Business Enterprise; Entrepreneurship in Community Colleges; Third-Wave Examples; Kirkwood Community College; Walla Walla Community College; Moving Toward a Third-Wave Culture; A Strengthened Steering Core; The Role of Leadership; Final Observations; References; 9 Assessing Financial Health in Community Colleges 327 $aDemands for Fiscal Accountability in Community Colleges 330 $a Take an in depth look at the current key issues and practices in budgets and finance for community colleges. In this volume, topics include: the contemporary challenge of meeting growing demands for increased student persistence and success,diminishing state support for higher education,new calls for accountability and ways to measure institutionaleffectiveness,the increasing reliance of many community colleges on grants and other sources of revenue, andcollege policies that have significant financial ramifications.This is the 168th volume of this Jossey-Bass quarterly report series. Essentia 410 0$aNew directions for community colleges ;$vno. 168. 606 $aCommunity colleges$zUnited States$xFinance 606 $aEducation, Higher$zUnited States$xFinance 615 0$aCommunity colleges$xFinance. 615 0$aEducation, Higher$xFinance. 676 $a378.1 676 $a378.15430973 702 $aBers$b Trudy H$g(Trudy Haffron),$f1942- 702 $aHead$b Ronald B. 702 $aPalmer$b James C. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910787400403321 996 $aBudget and finance in the American community college$93760483 997 $aUNINA