LEADER 06022oam 22012854 450 001 9910786483803321 005 20230801225319.0 010 $a1-4755-4514-2 010 $a1-4755-7335-9 035 $a(CKB)2670000000278862 035 $a(EBL)1606896 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000941878 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11614173 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000941878 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10963833 035 $a(PQKB)10723699 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1606896 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1606896 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10627083 035 $a(OCoLC)870245019 035 $a(IMF)WPIEE2012193 035 $a(IMF)WPIEA2012193 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000278862 100 $a20020129d2012 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aLatin America : $eVulnerabilities Under Construction? /$fLuis Cubeddu, Camilo Tovar Mora, Evridiki Tsounta 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2012. 215 $a1 online resource (28 p.) 225 1 $aIMF Working Papers 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-4755-1759-9 311 $a1-4755-0542-6 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aCover; Contents; I. Introduction; Figures; 1. Latin America: Mortgage and Housing Market Developments; II. Developments in The Mortgage Credit and Real Estate Sector; A. Mortgage Credit; B. Construction Activity; C. House Prices; III. Making the Most of Imperfect Data; A. Identifying Mortgage Booms; Tables; 1. Data Availability on Select Financial and Housing Sector Indicators; B. Identifying Housing Price Booms; 2. Determinants of Equilibrium House Prices: Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru; 2. Actual and Estimated Real House Prices; 3. House Price Over/(under)valuation; Box 327 $a1. Colombia's Mortgage Crisis of the Late 1990's: A Cautionary Tale IV. The Household Debt Burden and Financial Balance Sheets; V. Conclusions and Policy Recommendations; References; Appendices; I. Data Definitions and Sources; II. Methodologies for Estimating Credit Booms and House Price Bubbles; III. Cointegration Tests 330 3 $aThis paper documents developments in mortgage credit and the housing sector in Latin America over the past decade, and compares them with those of other emerging economies. In particular, it examines the real estate and mortgage markets to assess whether (i) growth in mortgage credit is excessive compared to long-term trends; (ii) trends in house prices reflect changes in economic fundamentals; and (iii) the extent to which household and banking sector vulnerabilities could lead to potential fragilities. Although data limitations hamper a rigorous analysis of trends, our analysis suggests that while there are no imminent misalignments in the real estate and mortgage sectors, they could emerge if current trends persist. Strengthening supervision and addressing data gaps is thus critical to ensure adequate monitoring of risks and vulnerabilities in these sectors. 410 0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2012/193 606 $aMortgage loans$zLatin America 606 $aHousing$xPrices$zLatin America 606 $aInfrastructure$2imf 606 $aMoney and Monetary Policy$2imf 606 $aReal Estate$2imf 606 $aIndustries: Financial Services$2imf 606 $aFinancial Markets and the Macroeconomy$2imf 606 $aGeneral Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data)$2imf 606 $aFinancial Institutions and Services: General$2imf 606 $aReal Estate Services$2imf 606 $aBanks$2imf 606 $aDepository Institutions$2imf 606 $aMicro Finance Institutions$2imf 606 $aMortgages$2imf 606 $aHousing Supply and Markets$2imf 606 $aMonetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General$2imf 606 $aEconomic Development: Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis$2imf 606 $aHousing$2imf 606 $aFinance$2imf 606 $aProperty & real estate$2imf 606 $aMonetary economics$2imf 606 $aMacroeconomics$2imf 606 $aHousing prices$2imf 606 $aCredit$2imf 606 $aCredit booms$2imf 606 $aPrices$2imf 606 $aFinancial institutions$2imf 606 $aMoney$2imf 606 $aNational accounts$2imf 606 $aSaving and investment$2imf 607 $aColombia$2imf 615 0$aMortgage loans 615 0$aHousing$xPrices 615 7$aInfrastructure 615 7$aMoney and Monetary Policy 615 7$aReal Estate 615 7$aIndustries: Financial Services 615 7$aFinancial Markets and the Macroeconomy 615 7$aGeneral Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) 615 7$aFinancial Institutions and Services: General 615 7$aReal Estate Services 615 7$aBanks 615 7$aDepository Institutions 615 7$aMicro Finance Institutions 615 7$aMortgages 615 7$aHousing Supply and Markets 615 7$aMonetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General 615 7$aEconomic Development: Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis 615 7$aHousing 615 7$aFinance 615 7$aProperty & real estate 615 7$aMonetary economics 615 7$aMacroeconomics 615 7$aHousing prices 615 7$aCredit 615 7$aCredit booms 615 7$aPrices 615 7$aFinancial institutions 615 7$aMoney 615 7$aNational accounts 615 7$aSaving and investment 700 $aCubeddu$b Luis$01505816 701 $aTovar Mora$b Camilo$01578648 701 $aTsounta$b Evridiki$01493448 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910786483803321 996 $aLatin America$93858225 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03343nam 2200673 a 450 001 9910953423703321 005 20240513232751.0 010 $a1-280-59650-3 010 $a9786613626332 010 $a0-253-00533-7 035 $a(CKB)2550000000073874 035 $a(EBL)670290 035 $a(OCoLC)769101865 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000565702 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11391979 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000565702 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10532893 035 $a(PQKB)10866353 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse19953 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL670290 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10519688 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL362633 035 $a(PPN)168679531 035 $a(Perlego)568849 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC670290 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000073874 100 $a20110531d2012 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aForerunners of mammals $eradiation, histology, biology /$fedited by Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aBloomington $cIndiana University Press$d2012 215 $a1 online resource (373 p.) 225 1 $aLife of the past 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a0-253-35697-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aContents; Preface; Acknowledgments; List of Contributors; 1 The Origin and Radiation of Therapsids; 2 Therapsid Biodiversity Patterns and Paleoenvironments of the Karoo Basin, South Africa; 3 The Microstructure of Bones and Teeth of Nonmammalian Therapsids; 4 The Paleobiology and Bone Microstructure of Pelycosaurian-Grade Synapsids; 5 Dicynodont Growth Dynamics and Lifestyle Adaptations; 6 Biological Inferences of the Cranial Microstructure of the Dicynodonts Oudenodon and Lystrosaurus; 7 Bone and Dental Histology of Late Triassic Dicynodonts from North America 327 $a8 Bone Histology of Some Therocephalians and Gorgonopsians, and Evidence of Bone Degradation by Fungi9 The Radiation and Osteohistology of Nonmammaliaform Cynodonts; 10 The Radiation, Bone Histology, and Biology of Early Mammals; 11 The Evolution of Mammalian Endothermy; References; Index 330 $aAbout 320 million years ago a group of reptiles known as the synapsids emerged and forever changed Earth's ecological landscapes. This book discusses the origin and radiation of the synapsids from their sail-backed pelycosaur ancestor to their diverse descendants, the therapsids or mammal-like reptiles, that eventually gave rise to mammals. It further showcases the remarkable evolutionary history of the synapsids in the Karoo Basin of South Africa and the environments that existed at the time. By highlighting studies of synapsid bone microstructure, it offers a unique perspective of how suc 410 0$aLife of the past. 606 $aReptiles, Fossil 606 $aMammals$xEvolution 606 $aBones$xHistology 615 0$aReptiles, Fossil. 615 0$aMammals$xEvolution. 615 0$aBones$xHistology. 676 $a567.9/3 701 $aChinsamy-Turan$b Anusuya$01855515 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910953423703321 996 $aForerunners of mammals$94453693 997 $aUNINA