LEADER 03805nam 2200661 a 450 001 9910786267803321 005 20230803025450.0 010 $a0-8047-8538-4 024 7 $a10.1515/9780804785389 035 $a(CKB)2670000000335534 035 $a(EBL)1102613 035 $a(OCoLC)823723907 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000783317 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12324399 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000783317 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10759685 035 $a(PQKB)10565796 035 $a(StDuBDS)EDZ0000127681 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1102613 035 $a(DE-B1597)564816 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780804785389 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1102613 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10639848 035 $a(OCoLC)1178768968 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000335534 100 $a20120802d2013 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aFrom frontier policy to foreign policy$b[electronic resource] $ethe question of India and the transformation of geopolitics in Qing China /$fMatthew W. Mosca 210 $aStanford, Calif. $cStanford University Press$dc2013 215 $a1 online resource (409 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8047-9729-3 311 $a0-8047-8224-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aA wealth of Indias : India in Qing geographic practice, 1644-1755 -- The conquest of Xinjiang and the emergence of "Hindustan," 1756-1790 -- Mapping India : geographic agnosticism in a cartographic context -- Discovering the "Pileng" : British India seen from Tibet, 1789-1800 -- British India and Qing strategic thought in the early nineteenth century -- The discovery of British India on the Chinese coast, 1800-1837 -- The Opium War and the British Empire -- Emergence of a foreign policy : Wei Yuan and the reinterpretation of India in Qing strategic thought. 330 $aBetween the mid-eighteenth and mid-nineteenth centuries, Qing rulers, officials, and scholars fused diverse, fragmented perceptions of foreign territory into one integrated worldview. In the same period, a single "foreign" policy emerged as an alternative to the many localized "frontier" policies hitherto pursued on the coast, in Xinjiang, and in Tibet. By unraveling Chinese, Manchu, and British sources to reveal the information networks used by the Qing empire to gather intelligence about its emerging rival, British India, this book explores China's altered understanding of its place in a global context. Far from being hobbled by a Sinocentric worldview, Qing China's officials and scholars paid close attention to foreign affairs. To meet the growing British threat, they adapted institutional practices and geopolitical assumptions to coordinate a response across their maritime and inland borderlands. In time, the new and more active response to Western imperialism built on this foundation reshaped not only China's diplomacy but also the internal relationship between Beijing and its frontiers. 606 $aGeopolitics$zChina$xHistory 606 $aGeography$zChina$xHistory 607 $aChina$xForeign relations$y1644-1912 607 $aIndia$xHistory$yBritish occupation, 1765-1947 607 $aChina$xHistory$yQing dynasty, 1644-1912 607 $aChina$xForeign relations$zGreat Britain 607 $aGreat Britain$xForeign relations$zChina 615 0$aGeopolitics$xHistory. 615 0$aGeography$xHistory. 676 $a327.5105409/03 700 $aMosca$b Matthew W$0766395 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910786267803321 996 $aFrom frontier policy to foreign policy$91559192 997 $aUNINA