LEADER 05407nam 2200649Ia 450 001 9910785545903321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-4377-3456-1 035 $a(CKB)2670000000237718 035 $a(EBL)1024807 035 $a(OCoLC)817870277 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000767269 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12370005 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000767269 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10739578 035 $a(PQKB)11390877 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1024807 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10603225 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL225301 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1024807 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000237718 100 $a20120930d2012 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aHandbook of environmental degradation of materials$b[electronic resource] /$fedited by Myer Kutz 205 $a2nd ed. 210 $aAmsterdam ;$aBoston $cElsevier / WA$d2012 215 $a1 online resource (933 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-4377-3455-3 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aFront Cover; Handbook of Environmental Degradation of Materials; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface to the Second Edition; Preface to the First Edition; One: Analysis; 1 Analysis of Failures of Metallic Materials Due to Environmental Factors; Chapter Outline; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Classification of Failures; 1.2.1 Material/Manufacturing-Related Causes; 1.2.2 Environment-Related Causes; 1.2.3 Environment-Related Categories; 1.2.4 Environmentally Induced Failures; 1.3 Analysis of Failures; 1.3.1 SITE Visit; 1.3.2 Testing of Samples; 1.3.3 Analysis, Interpretation, and Diagnosis of the Failure 327 $a1.3.4 Submission of Failure Analysis Report1.4 Case Histories of Environmental-Related Failures; 1.4.1 Failure of A Natural Gas Feed Preheater in a Fertilizer Plant; 1.4.2 Failure of a Reformer Tube in a Fertilizer Plant; 1.4.3 Failure of a Furnace Tube in a Petrochemical Plant; 1.4.4 Failure of Plate Elements in a Plate Type Heat Exchanger in a Sulfuric Acid Plant; 1.4.5 Failure of Tubes in an Alcohol Superheater in a Petrochemical Plant; 1.4.6 Failure of Package Boiler Tubes in an Alcohol Distillery; 1.5 Conclusions; References; 2 Laboratory Assessment of Corrosion; Chapter Outline 327 $a2.1 Introduction2.2 Immersion Tests; 2.2.1 Corrosion Testing; 2.2.2 Environmentally Assisted Cracking; 2.2.3 Other Tests and Factors; 2.3 Cabinet Tests; 2.4 Electrochemical Tests; 2.5 Conclusions; Bibliography; References; 3 Lifetime Predictions of Plastics; Chapter Outline; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Master Curves; 3.3 Chemical Kinetics; 3.4 Thermal Decomposition Experiments; 3.5 Mechanical Experiments; 3.6 Miscellaneous Experimentation; 3.7 Summary; References; Two: Types of Degradation; 4 Electrochemical Corrosion; Chapter Outline; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Electrochemical Thermodynamics 327 $a4.2.1 Electrochemical Reactions, the Electrochemical Cell, and the Gibb's Free-Energy Change4.2.2 The Generalized Cell Reaction; 4.2.3 The Nernst Equation: Effect of Concentration on Equilibrium Half-Cell Potential; 4.2.4 Examples of Electrochemical Cell Calculations in Relationship to Corrosion; 4.2.4.1 Example 1; 4.2.4.2 Example 2; 4.2.4.3 Example 3; 4.2.5 Graphical Representation of Electrochemical Equilibrium: Pourbaix Diagrams; 4.3 Electrochemical Kinetics and Corrosion Processes; 4.3.1 The Elementary Electrochemical Corrosion Circuit; 4.3.2 Types of Polarization Behavior 327 $a4.3.3 Faraday's Law4.4 Experimental Polarization Curves; 4.5 Examples of Electrochemical Corrosion Measurements and Characterizations; 4.5.1 Tafel Extrapolation; 4.5.2 Polarization Resistance; 4.5.3 Cyclic-Anodic-Polarization Behavior Relative to Localized Corrosion; 4.6 Summary; References; 5 High Temperature Oxidation; Chapter Outline; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Criteria of Metal Oxidation; 5.3 Kinetics of Oxidation; 5.3.1 Logarithmic Law; 5.3.2 Parabolic Oxidation; 5.3.3 Linear Equation; 5.4 Techniques Involved in Measuring Oxidation Behavior; 5.5 Measurement of Oxidation Kinetics 327 $a5.6 Identification and Characterization of Scales 330 $a Nothing stays the same for ever. The environmental degradation and corrosion of materials is inevitable and affects most aspects of life. In industrial settings, this inescapable fact has very significant financial, safety and environmental implications. The Handbook of Environmental Degradation of Materials explains how to measure, analyse, and control environmental degradation for a wide range of industrial materials including metals, polymers, ceramics, concrete, wood and textiles exposed to environmental factors such as weather, seawater, and fi 606 $aMaterials$xEffect of environment on$vHandbooks, manuals, etc 606 $aEnvironmental degradation 615 0$aMaterials$xEffect of environment on 615 0$aEnvironmental degradation. 676 $a620.1 676 $a620.1/122 676 $a620.11223 700 $aKutz$b Myer$0300574 701 $aKutz$b Myer$0300574 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910785545903321 996 $aHandbook of environmental degradation of materials$93735068 997 $aUNINA