LEADER 05786nam 2200721Ia 450 001 9910784787603321 005 20230721030509.0 010 $a1-281-93828-9 010 $a9786611938284 010 $a981-279-015-2 035 $a(CKB)1000000000400210 035 $a(EBL)1679644 035 $a(OCoLC)879023769 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000106979 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11140634 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000106979 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10014007 035 $a(PQKB)11241018 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1679644 035 $a(WSP)00006700 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1679644 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10255820 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL193828 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000400210 100 $a20080328d2007 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aAstrophysics at ultra-high energies$b[electronic resource] $eInternational School of Cosmic Ray Astrophysics, 15th course, Erice, Italy, 20-27 June 2006 /$fedited by Maurice M. Shapiro, Todor Stanev, John P. Wefel 210 $aSingapore ;$aHackensack, NJ $cWorld Scientific$dc2007 215 $a1 online resource (239 p.) 225 1 $aScience and culture series. Astrophysics 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a981-279-014-4 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aCONTENTS; Preface M. M. Shapiro, T. Stanev & J. P. Wefel; Powerful Astrophysical Sources; Gamma Ray Bursts: Discoveries with Swift A , Wells; 1. Introduction; 2. Observations with Swift; 3. Models, progenitors and jets; 4. Afterglows; 5 . Short-hard gamma-ray bursts; References; Gamma Ray Burst Phenomenology in the Swift Era P. Meza'ros; 1. Challenges posed by new Swift observations; 2. Prompt gamma-ray emission; 3. Models of early afterglows in the Swift Era; 3.1. Prompt optical emission; 3.2. Steep X-ray decay; 3.3. Shallow X-ray decay; 3.4. X-ray flares; 3.5. High redshift afterglows 327 $a3.6. GRB-SN3.7. Short bursts; 3.8. Long-short classification; References; Modeling of Multiwavelength Spectra and Variability of 3C 66A in 2003-2004 M. Joshi & M. Bottcher; 1. Introduction; 2. Model description and model parameters; 3. Results and discussion; 4. Summary; References; High Energy Signatures of Post-Adiabatic Supernova Remnants I. 0. Telezhinsky & B. I. Hnatyk; 1. Introduction; 2. Hydrodynamic model of the transition stage; 2.1. Origin and dynamics of the thing shell during transition phase; 2.2. Hot gas parameters inside the shell; 2.3. Cold shell gas parameters 327 $a3. High energy signatures of transition stage3.1. X-ray emission; 3.2. y-ray emission from SNRs; 4. Conclusion; Acknowledgments; References; The Nature of Dark Matter P. L. Biermann & F. Munyaneza; 1. Dark Matter: Introduction; 2. Proposal; 2.1. Our recent work; 3. The tests; 3.1. Primordial magnetic fields; 3.2. Galaxies; 3.3. Dwarf spheroidal galaxies; 3.4. Lyman alpha forest; 3.5. The X-ray test; 4. Outlook; 5. Acknowledgements; References; Cosmic Rays; Particle Acceleration and Propagation in the Galaxy V. S. Ptuskin; 1. Introduction.; 2. Diffusion; 3. Supernova remnants 327 $a4. Knee and aboveAcknowledgments; References; Cosmic Rays from the Knee to the Second Knee: 1014 TO 1018 eV J. R. Horandel; 1. Introduction; 2. Galactic cosmic rays and the knee; 2.1. Sources; 2.2. Propagation; 2.3. Structures in the energy spectrum; 3. Measurement techniques; 3.1. A Heitler model for air showers; 3.1.1. Electromagnetic cascades; 3.1.2. Hadronic showers; 3.1.3. Number of muons; 3.1.4. Number of electrons; 3.1.5. Depth of the shower maximum; 3.1.6. Energy and mass of the primary particle; 4. Experimental results; 5. Conclusion and Outlook; References 327 $aUltra High-energy Cosmic Rays: Origin and Propagation T. Stanev1. Introduction; 1.1. The highest energy cosmic ray event; 2. Origin of UHECR; 2.1. Possible astrophysical sources of UHECR; 2.2. Top-down scenarios; 2.3. Hybrid models; 3. Propagation of UHECR; 3.1. Energy loss processes; 3.2. Modification of the proton spectrum in propagation. Numerical derivation of the GZK effect; 4. Production of Secondary Particles in Propagation; References; GRB as Sources of Ultra-High Energy Particles P. M&za'ros; 1. Introduction; 2. Cosmic rays from GRB; 3. GeV and TeV y-ray emission from GRB 327 $a4. High energy neutrinos 330 $a This book introduces young researchers to the exciting field of ultra-high energy astrophysics including charged particles, gamma rays and neutrinos. At ultra-high energy the radiation is produced by interactions of cosmic ray particles accelerated in explosive events such as supernovae or hypernovae, black holes or, possibly, the big bang. Through direct contact with senior scientists, now actively planning the next generation of experiments/models, the excitement and motivation for research at ultra-high energy was conveyed. The underpinning of these fields is a synthesis of knowledge and t 410 0$aScience and culture series (Singapore).$pAstrophysics. 606 $aCosmic rays$vCongresses 606 $aNuclear astrophysics$vCongresses 606 $aGamma rays$vCongresses 615 0$aCosmic rays 615 0$aNuclear astrophysics 615 0$aGamma rays 676 $a523.019722 701 $aShapiro$b Maurice M$g(Maurice Mandel),$f1915-$01501800 701 $aStanev$b Todor$0622518 701 $aWefel$b J. P$01501801 712 12$aInternational School of Cosmic-Ray Astrophysics 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910784787603321 996 $aAstrophysics at ultra-high energies$93854288 997 $aUNINA