LEADER 05678nam 2200721Ia 450 001 9910784761303321 005 20230607173601.0 010 $a1-281-18952-9 010 $a9786611189525 010 $a0-08-055952-2 035 $a(CKB)1000000000402727 035 $a(EBL)331992 035 $a(OCoLC)476132726 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000167104 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12047087 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000167104 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10169978 035 $a(PQKB)10914547 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC331992 035 $a(PPN)170601668 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000402727 100 $a20070926d2008 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aHandbook of anxiety and fear$b[electronic resource] /$fedited by Robert J. Blanchard ... [et al.] 210 $aBoston ;$aAmsterdam $cAcademic Press$d2008 215 $a1 online resource (535 p.) 225 1 $aHandbook of behavioral neuroscience ;$vv. 17 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-444-53065-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aFront cover; Handbook of Anxiety and Fear; Copyright page; List of Contributors; Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; Section 1: Introduction; Chapter 1.1. Introduction to the handbook on fear and anxiety; References; Section 2: Animal Models of Anxiety, Fear and Defense; Chapter 2.1. Theoretical approaches to the modeling of anxiety in animals; I. Introduction; II. The nature of anxiety; III. The nature of an animal model; IV. The nature of a specific test: the elevated plus-maze; V. Other animal models of anxiety; VI. Models of anxiety and their control by the brain; VII. Conclusions 327 $aReferencesChapter 2.2. The use of conditioning tasks to model fear and anxiety; I. A deceptively simple experiment; II. A brief history of Pavlovian fear conditioning; III. Behavioral measures of conditional fear; IV. Other unconditional stimuli; V. Key developments in the neuroanatomy of fear conditioning; VI. Pavlovian extinction; VII. Individual differences in anxiety disorders; VIII. Post-traumatic stress disorder; IX. Conclusion; Acknowledgment; References; Chapter 2.3. Extinction of fear: from animal studies to clinical interventions; I. Introduction 327 $aII. Behavioral features of extinctionIII. Theoretical accounts of extinction; IV. Facilitation of extinction by d-cycloserine; V. Emerging evidence for multiple mechanisms of extinction; VI. Conclusion; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 2.4. Defensive behaviors, fear, and anxiety; I. Fear and anxiety; II. Defensive behaviors: what, when, where, and why?; III. Relationships to learning; IV. Danger learning: conditioning to painful unconditioned stimuli (US); V. Unconditioned and conditioned responses to non-painful stimuli (predators or predator odors) 327 $aVI. Learning of defense to partial predator stimuliVII. Effects of stress and stress ameliorating conditions on defense; VIII. Defense and learning: relationship to anxiety; IX. Responses to anxiolytic and panicolytic drugs; X. Human defensive behaviors; XI. Defensive behavior, fear, and anxiety; References; Chapter 2.5. Unconditioned models of fear and anxiety; I. Introduction; II. Models; III. Ethological approaches: predator confrontation; IV. Conclusions; References; Section 3: Neural Systems for Anxiety, Fear, and Defense 327 $aChapter 3.1. Brain mechanisms of Pavlovian and instrumental aversive conditioningI. Introduction; II. Pavlovian fear conditioning; III. Aversive instrumental conditioning; IV. Using EFF to investigate an aversive ''motive circuit''; V. Summary/conclusions; Abbreviations; References; Chapter 3.2. Neural systems activated in response to predators and partial predator stimuli; I. Introduction; II. The hypothalamus and its central role in the organization of anti-predator defensive responses; III. The medial hypothalamic defensive system 327 $aIV. Neural inputs to the medial hypothalamic defensive system 330 $aThis Handbook brings together and integrates comprehensively the core approaches to fear and anxiety. Its four sections: Animal models; neural systems; pharmacology; and clinical approaches, provide a range of perspectives that interact to produce new light on these important and sometimes dysfunctional emotions. Fear and anxiety are analyzed as patterns that have evolved on the basis of their adaptive functioning in response to threat. These patterns are stringently selected, providing a close fit with environmental situations and events; they are highly conservative across mammalian speci 410 0$aHandbook of behavioral neuroscience ;$vv. 17. 606 $aAnimal models in research 606 $aAnxiety disorders$xChemotherapy 606 $aAnxiety disorders$xPhysiological aspects$xResearch 606 $aAnxiety$xPhysiological aspects$xResearch 606 $aAnxiety$xPhysiological aspects 606 $aFear$xPhysiological aspects 615 0$aAnimal models in research. 615 0$aAnxiety disorders$xChemotherapy. 615 0$aAnxiety disorders$xPhysiological aspects$xResearch. 615 0$aAnxiety$xPhysiological aspects$xResearch. 615 0$aAnxiety$xPhysiological aspects. 615 0$aFear$xPhysiological aspects. 676 $a616.8522 701 $aBlanchard$b Robert J$079560 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910784761303321 996 $aHandbook of anxiety and fear$93781788 997 $aUNINA