LEADER 05814oam 22008055 450 001 9910782571403321 005 20230207225829.0 010 $a1-282-13622-4 010 $a9786612136221 010 $a0-8213-7582-2 024 7 $a10.1596/978-0-8213-7581-5 035 $a(CKB)1000000000576195 035 $a(EBL)459491 035 $a(OCoLC)507996972 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000086913 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11119406 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000086913 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10031157 035 $a(PQKB)11150730 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL459491 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10252466 035 $a(OCoLC)311077688 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL4978713 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL213622 035 $a(OCoLC)1027142426 035 $a(The World Bank)2008032155 035 $a(US-djbf)15377984 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC459491 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000576195 100 $a20080723d2008 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aFor protection and promotion : $ethe design and implementation of effective safety nets /$fMargaret Grosh ... [and others] 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cWorld Bank,$dc2008. 215 $axvii, 587 pages $cillustrations ;$d25 cm 225 1 $aThe World Bank social safety nets primer series 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8213-7581-4 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 517-566) and index. 327 $aContents; Acknowledgments; Preface; Abbreviations; 1. Introduction; Figure 1.1 Processes and Stakeholders Involved in a Safety Net; Box 1.1 Definitions of Safety Nets and Social Assistance; 2. The Case for Safety Nets; Figure 2.1 Where Safety Nets Fit in Larger Development Policy; Figure 2.2 Perceptions of Fairness of Country Income Distribution in Latin America; Box 2.1 The Motivating Force of Educational Stipends: The Bangladesh Female Secondary School Assistance Program; Box 2.2 The Loss of an Ox; Box 2.3 A Poverty Trap in Shinyanga 327 $aBox 2.4 A Policy Maker's Take on Growth, Equality, and Policy Box 2.5 The Developmental Effects of the Elizabethan Poor Laws; Table 2.1 Safety Nets for Protection and Promotion; Table 2.2 Possible Target Groups, the Role of Safety Nets, and Complementary Policies; Table 2.3 Examples of Social Protection Programs by Life Cycle; Figure 2.3 Distribution of General Revenue-Financed Transfers for Selected Countries by Population Quintile; Box 2.6 Is Dependency Always Bad?; Box 2.7 Women's Reactions to Questions about Transfers and Fertility 327 $aTable 2.4 Summary of How to Handle Challenges to Safety Nets 3. Financing of and Spending on Safety Nets; Box 3.1 Okun's Leaky Bucket; Table 3.1 Cost-Benefit Estimates of the Education Effects of the Bono de Desarrollo Humano Program, Ecuador; Table 3.2 Options for Increasing Safety Net Budgets: Advantages and Disadvantages; Box 3.2 What Tax Instruments Should Governments Use to Support Safety Nets?; Box 3.3 Fiscal Responsibility Laws; Figure 3.1 Societal Attitudes about Poverty and Spending on Social Welfare 327 $aTable 3.3 Perceptions of Poverty in the United States, Europe, and Latin America, 1995-7 (percentage of respondents) Box 3.4 Literature on Safety Net Spending Levels Based on the IMF's Government Finance Statistics; Figure 3.2 Safety Net Expenditures as a Percentage of GDP, Selected Countries and Years; Figure 3.3 Social Assistance and Social Insurance as a Percentage of GDP by Region, Selected Years; Figure 3.4 Social Assistance, Social Insurance, and Social Sector Spending by Region, Selected Years; Table 3.4 Correlations between Spending on Social Sectors and Other Factors 327 $aFigure 3.5 Spending, Income, and Public Attitudes Table 3.5 Advantages and Disadvantages of Financing Sources for Subnational Governments; Table 3.6 Options for Managing Local Governments' Incentives to Use Lax Entry Criteria for Centrally Financed Safety Net Programs; Box 3.5 Financing Arrangements and Incentives in the Netherlands; Box 3.6 Quality Assurance of Eligibility Determination in the U.S. Food Stamp Program; Table 3.7 An Example of a Functional Analysis of a Program and Responsible Levels of Government: The Village Full Employment Program, India 327 $aTable 3.8 Advantages of Alternative Allocations of Institutional Responsibilities for Household Targeting Systems 330 $aSafety nets are noncontributory transfer programs targeted to the poor or vulnerable. They play important roles in social policy. Safety nets redistribute income, thereby immediately reducing poverty and inequality; they enable households to invest in the human capital of their children and in the livelihoods of their earners; they help households manage risk, both ex ante and ex post; and they allow governments to implement macroeconomic or sectoral reforms that support efficiency and growth. To be effective, safety nets must not only be well intended, but also well designed and well implemented 410 0$aWorld Bank e-Library. 606 $aEconomic assistance, Domestic 606 $aPoor$xServices for 606 $aPoverty$xPrevention 606 $aSocial planning 606 $aSocial policy 615 0$aEconomic assistance, Domestic. 615 0$aPoor$xServices for. 615 0$aPoverty$xPrevention. 615 0$aSocial planning. 615 0$aSocial policy. 676 $a362.5/6 701 $aGrosh$b Margaret E$01508815 712 02$aWorld Bank. 801 0$bDLC 801 1$bDLC 801 2$bDLC 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910782571403321 996 $aFor protection and promotion$93740304 997 $aUNINA LEADER 02414nam 2200505 450 001 9910815316803321 005 20230809233529.0 010 $a1-119-30376-1 010 $a1-119-30377-X 010 $a1-119-30378-8 035 $a(CKB)4330000000010088 035 $a(DLC) 2017016072 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4908166 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL4908166 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11409691 035 $a(OCoLC)981508967 035 $a(EXLCZ)994330000000010088 100 $a20170808h20172017 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $2rdacontent 181 $csti$2rdacontent 182 $2rdamedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 10$aAtlas of orthodontic case reviews /$fMarjan Askari, Stanley A. Alexander 210 1$aHoboken, New Jersey :$cWiley Blackwell,$d2017. 210 4$dİ2017 215 $a1 online resource 311 $a1-119-30375-3 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index. 327 $aInterceptive (mixed dentition) -- Interceptive (mixed dentition) -- Phase I treatment : class III skeletal and class i dental with posterior and anterior crossbites -- Class I skeletal and class i dental with blocked out maxillary canine : non-extraction -- Class I skeletal and class I dental with a deep bite -- Class I skeletal and class I dental with asymmetry : non-extraction -- Class II skeletal and class II dental : extraction of maxillary 1st premolars -- Class II skeletal and class II dental : non-compliant -- Class II skeletal and class II dental division 1 subdivision : four premolar extractions -- Class III skeletal tendency and class I dental : four premolar extractions -- Class III skeletal and class III dental : non-extraction and non-surgical -- Class III skeletal and class III dental : non-extraction -- Class III skeletal pattern and class II dental : non-extraction -- Class III skeletal and class I dental : four premolar extractions -- Class III surgical. 606 $aOrthodontics 606 $aOrthodontics$vCase studies 615 0$aOrthodontics. 615 0$aOrthodontics 676 $a617.643 700 $aAskari$b Marjan$01651334 702 $aAlexander$b Stanley A. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910815316803321 996 $aAtlas of orthodontic case reviews$94001213 997 $aUNINA