LEADER 04466nam 2200709Ia 450 001 9910781904303321 005 20230912161921.0 010 $a0-7735-6158-7 024 7 $a10.1515/9780773561588 035 $a(CKB)1000000000520897 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000282297 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11233194 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000282297 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10316926 035 $a(PQKB)10882003 035 $a(CaPaEBR)401004 035 $a(CaBNvSL)jme00326181 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3330836 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10141506 035 $a(OCoLC)929121087 035 $a(VaAlCD)20.500.12592/x6zj7n 035 $a(schport)gibson_crkn/2009-12-01/1/401004 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3330836 035 $a(DE-B1597)657262 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780773561588 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3244591 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000520897 100 $a19890930d1988 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aNew Mecca, new Babylon $eParis and the Russian exiles, 1920- 1945 /$fRobert H. Johnston 210 $aKingston $cMcGill-Queen's University Press$dc1988 215 $a1 online resourcei (x, 254 pages) 311 0 $a0-7735-0643-8 320 $aIncludes bibliography and index. 327 $tFront Matter -- $tContents -- $tPreface -- $tIntroduction -- $tExodus -- $tElusive Unity -- $tLife in France -- $tFathers and Sons in Exile -- $tOrdeals and Triumphs -- $tRussia and Europe -- $tHuman Dust? -- $tDissolution -- $tEpilogue -- $tAbbreviations -- $tNotes -- $tGlossary of Foreign Terms -- $tBibliography -- $tIndex 330 $aThree major waves of emigration from Soviet Russia followed the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 and the Russian Civil War. While emigrants in the first wave have been identified mainly with a vague notion of aristocratic taxi drivers, Robert Johnston, through a collective biography of the roughly 120,000 Russians who lived in France during 1920-45, in particular in Paris, shows that this first wave of Russian emigrants made a much more significant contribution to French life and to western knowledge of Russia. Paris was the capital of "Russia Abroad," the home of an emigre generation which included figures from every field of Russian culture and every point of the political compass. Divided and diverse, the community was bound together in the hope and expectation of the downfall of Bolshevism and a return to Mother Russia. Members of the community believed that their mission in Paris was to preserve Russian culture, language, and liberty, a task which required educating France and the West about the true dangers of Communism. As their time away from Russia increased, however, the exiles found it difficult to preserve their organizations and customs and to resist the assimilation of French ways. Gradually the original refugees died, moved away, or surrendered to French culture: by 1951 only 35,000 Russian refugees remained in all of France. The Russian exiles in Paris lived on the margins of history. But though politically defeated, their struggle to defend what they saw as worthwhile Russian values, their efforts to survive, and their contributions to the life of their country of refuge have something to say to a later age, not least to their exiled "grandchildren", the current third wave of emigrants from the USSR. 606 $aRussians$zFrance$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aRussians$zFrance$zParis$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aPolitical refugees$zFrance$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aRussians$zFrance$xIntellectual life$y20th century 606 $aRussians$zFrance$xPolitical activity$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aWorld War, 1939-1945$xParticipation, Russian 607 $aSoviet Union$xHistory$yRevolution, 1917-1921$xRefugees 615 0$aRussians$xHistory 615 0$aRussians$xHistory 615 0$aPolitical refugees$xHistory 615 0$aRussians$xIntellectual life 615 0$aRussians$xPolitical activity$xHistory 615 0$aWorld War, 1939-1945$xParticipation, Russian. 676 $a944/.3610049171 700 $aJohnston$b Robert H$g(Robert Harold),$f1937-$01557050 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910781904303321 996 $aNew Mecca, new Babylon$93820297 997 $aUNINA