LEADER 04377nam 2200661Ia 450 001 9910781463703321 005 20230725050820.0 010 $a1-283-14972-9 010 $a9786613149725 010 $a0-231-52685-7 024 7 $a10.7312/robe15326 035 $a(CKB)2550000000040944 035 $a(EBL)908353 035 $a(OCoLC)818855884 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000539800 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11367085 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000539800 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10571842 035 $a(PQKB)10931108 035 $a(StDuBDS)EDZ0000340773 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC908353 035 $a(DE-B1597)459267 035 $a(OCoLC)741455264 035 $a(OCoLC)940685688 035 $a(OCoLC)999365831 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780231526852 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL908353 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10484032 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL314972 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000040944 100 $a20110113d2011 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 14$aThe origins of business, money, and markets$b[electronic resource] /$fKeith Roberts 210 $aNew York $cColumbia Business School Pub.$dc2011 215 $a1 online resource (381 p.) 225 0 $aColumbia Business School Publishing 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-231-15326-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFrontmatter -- $tContents -- $tForeword / $rMcNeill, William H. -- $tPreface -- $tList of Terms -- $tIntroduction -- $tPART 1. Business in the Ancient Middle East -- $tPART 2. Business in Ancient Greece -- $tPART 3. Business in Ancient Rome -- $tConcluding Note -- $tNotes -- $tBibliography -- $tIndex 330 $aTo understand business and its political, cultural, and economic context, it helps to view it historically, yet most business histories look no further back than the nineteenth century. The full sweep of business history actually begins much earlier, with the initial cities of Mesopotamia. In the first book to describe and explain these origins, Roberts depicts the society of ancient traders and consumers, tracing the roots of modern business and underscoring the relationship between early and modern business practice. Roberts's narrative begins before business, which he defines as selling to voluntary buyers at a profit. Before business, he shows, the material conditions and concepts for the pursuit of profit did not exist, even though trade and manufacturing took place. The earliest business, he suggests, arose with the long distance trade of early Mesopotamia, and expanded into retail, manufacturing and finance in these command economies, culminating in the Middle Eastern empires. (Part One) But it was the largely independent rise of business, money, and markets in classical Greece that produced business much as we know it. Alexander the Great's conquests and the societies that his successors created in their kingdoms brought a version of this system to the old Middle Eastern empires, and beyond. (Part Two) At Rome this entrepreneurial market system gained important new features, including business corporations, public contracting, and even shopping malls. The story concludes with the sharp decline of business after the 3rd century CE. (Part Three) In each part, Roberts portrays the major new types of business coming into existence. He weaves these descriptions into a narrative of how the prevailing political, economic, and social culture shaped the nature and importance of business and the status, wealth, and treatment of business people. Throughout, the discussion indicates how much (and how little) business has changed, provides a clear picture of what business actually is, presents a model for understanding the social impact of business as a whole, and yields stimulating insights for public policy today. 606 $aCommerce$xHistory$yTo 500 606 $aHistory, Ancient 615 0$aCommerce$xHistory 615 0$aHistory, Ancient. 676 $a330.901 700 $aRoberts$b Keith$f1943-$0513086 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910781463703321 996 $aOrigins of business, money, and markets$9760997 997 $aUNINA