LEADER 07659oam 22013694 450 001 9910780743203321 005 20230721024303.0 010 $a1-4623-7341-0 010 $a1-4527-2612-4 010 $a1-283-53521-1 010 $a1-4519-3211-1 010 $a9786613847669 035 $a(CKB)2470000000001388 035 $a(EBL)1608621 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000466195 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11301440 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000466195 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10457871 035 $a(PQKB)11682893 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1608621 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1608621 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10300216 035 $a(OCoLC)870245368 035 $a(IMF)REOEUREE2008001 035 $a(IMF)REOEUREA2008001 035 $a(EXLCZ)992470000000001388 100 $a20020129d2008 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aRegional Economic Outlook, April 2008, Europe : $eReassessing Risks 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2008. 215 $a1 online resource (70 p.) 225 1 $aRegional Economic Outlook 300 $a"Reassessing risks." 311 $a1-58906-713-4 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 57-59). 327 $aCover; Contents; Executive Summary; 1. Outlook: Navigating Turbulent Waters; Advanced Economies; Figures; 1. Europe and the United States: Real GDP Growth, 2001-09; 2. Key Short-Term Indicators; Tables; 1. European Countries: Real GDP Growth and CPI Inflation, 2006-09; 3. Euro Area: Contribution of Food and Energy to Headline Inflation, January 2006-December 2007; 4. Euro Area: Cost of Financing, 2003-08; 5. Spreads of Three-Month Interbank Rates over Expected Policy Rates, 2007-08; 6. Changes in Credit Standards for Loans to Enterprises and Households, 2005-08 327 $a7. Measures of the Euro Exchange Rate, 1999-2008Boxes; 1. Spillovers from Weaker U.S. Growth; 2. European Countries: External and Fiscal Balances, Government Debt, 2006-08; Emerging Economies; 8. Growth in Emerging Europe, 2001- 09; 9. Emerging Europe: Confidence Indicators, January 2006-February 2008; 2. Financial Turbulence: Policy Lessons; 10. Emerging Europe: Sovereign and Corporate Bond Spreads, January 2007-March 2008; 3. Understanding Food Price Inflation in Emerging Europe; 11. Emerging Markets: Private Sector External Bond Issuance, 2006-08 327 $a12. Emerging Europe: Bond Spreads and Current Account Deficits13. Central and Eastern Europe: Credit Growth and House Prices, 2002-06; 2. Financial Turbulence: Testing Resilience and Dampening Growth; How Financial Turbulence Spread to Europe; 14. Estimating Shifts in the Global Price of Risk, 2007-08; 3. Measuring the Impact of Risk Repricing on Selected Markets; 15. Reassessing Risks across Asset Classes and Borders; Impact on Financial System Resilience; 16. Euro Area Lending to Nonfinancial Corporations and Households, 2000-08 327 $a17. Changes in the Balance Sheet of the European Banking System18. Expected Default Frequencies, 2007-08; 19. Implied Spreads, 2007-08; 20. Market Leverage versus Asset Vol Volatility of Exposed EU Banks, 2007-08 tility; 21. European Banks: Market Evaluation of Assets in Distress; 4. Net Bank Exposure to U.S. Subprime Mortgage Markets; 5. Estimated Losses on Mortgage-Related Subprime Bank Exposures; Impact on the Real Economy; 4. Spillover Risks among Major EU Banks; 5. Regional Financial Interlinkages and Contagion Channels; 6. Output Response to Financial Shocks: Simulation Results 327 $a7. Response of GDP Growth to a 10 Percentage Point Decline in Credit Growth6. Banks' Risk Profile, Credit Growth, and the Real Economy; 7. Real Sector Implications of Financial Turbulence for an Emerging Market Economy; 3. Convergence in Emerging Europe: Sustainability and Vulnerabilities; Overview; 22. Convergence in Emerging Europe and in the Rest of the World, 2002-06; 23. GDP per Capita and Current Account Balances, 2007; Sustaining Growth; 24. Emerging Europe: Value Added by Sector, Contributions to Real GDP Growth, 2002-06 327 $a25. Emerging Europe: Domestic and External Demand, Contributions to Real GDP Growth, 2002-06 330 3 $aEurope is facing slower growth as a result of protracted financial turbulence and spillovers from the U.S. Meanwhile, inflation has risen sharply. Policymakers in advanced economies will have to continue to support financial markets and balance risks to real activity with the need to anchor inflation. Emerging Europe is well placed to continue to grow, albeit at a slower pace, amid concerns about overheating and external imbalances in several countries. Sound macroeconomic policies and structural reforms will be necessary to ensure a soft landing in these countries and smooth convergence throughout the region. 410 0$aRegional Economic Outlook 517 3 $aRegional economic outlook.$ereassessing risks 517 3 $aEurope Apr. 08 :$ereassessing risks 606 $aEconomic forecasting$zEurope 606 $aBanks and Banking$2imf 606 $aExports and Imports$2imf 606 $aInflation$2imf 606 $aMacroeconomics$2imf 606 $aMoney and Monetary Policy$2imf 606 $aCurrent Account Adjustment$2imf 606 $aShort-term Capital Movements$2imf 606 $aBanks$2imf 606 $aDepository Institutions$2imf 606 $aMicro Finance Institutions$2imf 606 $aMortgages$2imf 606 $aMonetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General$2imf 606 $aPrice Level$2imf 606 $aDeflation$2imf 606 $aInternational Lending and Debt Problems$2imf 606 $aInternational economics$2imf 606 $aBanking$2imf 606 $aMonetary economics$2imf 606 $aFinance$2imf 606 $aCurrent account deficits$2imf 606 $aCurrent account balance$2imf 606 $aCredit$2imf 606 $aBalance of payments$2imf 606 $aMoney$2imf 606 $aPrices$2imf 606 $aFinancial institutions$2imf 606 $aBanks and banking$2imf 606 $aDebts, External$2imf 607 $aEurope$xEconomic conditions$y1945- 607 $aEurope$xEconomic conditions$vStatistics 607 $aUnited States$2imf 615 0$aEconomic forecasting 615 7$aBanks and Banking 615 7$aExports and Imports 615 7$aInflation 615 7$aMacroeconomics 615 7$aMoney and Monetary Policy 615 7$aCurrent Account Adjustment 615 7$aShort-term Capital Movements 615 7$aBanks 615 7$aDepository Institutions 615 7$aMicro Finance Institutions 615 7$aMortgages 615 7$aMonetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General 615 7$aPrice Level 615 7$aDeflation 615 7$aInternational Lending and Debt Problems 615 7$aInternational economics 615 7$aBanking 615 7$aMonetary economics 615 7$aFinance 615 7$aCurrent account deficits 615 7$aCurrent account balance 615 7$aCredit 615 7$aBalance of payments 615 7$aMoney 615 7$aPrices 615 7$aFinancial institutions 615 7$aBanks and banking 615 7$aDebts, External 676 $a346 712 02$aInternational Monetary Fund. 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910780743203321 996 $aRegional Economic Outlook, April 2008, Europe$93807547 997 $aUNINA