LEADER 03717oam 2200757I 450 001 9910779444803321 005 20230126202930.0 010 $a1-135-12884-7 010 $a0-203-07699-0 010 $a1-283-89410-6 010 $a1-135-12885-5 024 7 $a10.4324/9780203076996 035 $a(CKB)2550000000710841 035 $a(EBL)1101388 035 $a(OCoLC)823389745 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000787006 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12348071 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000787006 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10821783 035 $a(PQKB)10407475 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1101388 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1101388 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10640543 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL420660 035 $a(OCoLC)843077786 035 $a(FINmELB)ELB134309 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000710841 100 $a20180706d2013 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aEducation reform and social class in Japan $ethe emerging incentive divide /$fTakehiko Kariya ; translation edited by Michael Burtscher 210 1$aAbingdon, Oxon :$cRoutledge,$d2013. 215 $a1 online resource (241 p.) 225 1 $aRoutledge/University of Tokyo series ;$v3 225 0$aRoutledge/University of Tokyo series ;$v3 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-138-85177-9 311 $a0-415-55687-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover; Education Reform and Social Class in Japan: The Emerging Incentive Divide; Copyright; Contents; List of Illustrations; Editorial Note; Introduction: The Complex of Class and Education in a Changing Society; 1. Education and Social Mobility in Post-War Japan; 2. The Age of Meritocracy; 3. Meritocracy, Ability Orientation and 'Discrimination'; 3.1. The Irony of Egalitarianism in Post-War Japan; 3.2. A Double Standard of Inequality and 'Meritocratic Discrimination'; 4. Education Reform and Elite Education; 5. Inequality of Effort Under the Meritocracy 327 $a6. Pitfalls of the 'Self-Responsible Society' - Is Opportunity Equal?7. The Structure of Self-Confidence - Educational Inequality and Self-Esteem; 8. The Incentive Divide - Selecting the Society of the Future; Afterword; Notes; Bibliography; Index 330 $aUntil the early 1990s, Japanese education was widely commended for achieving outstanding outcomes in global comparison. At the same time, it was frequently criticized for failing to cultivate 'individuality' and 'creativity' in students. Wide-ranging education reforms were enacted during the 1990s to remedy these perceived failings. However, as this book argues, the reforms produced a different outcome than intended, contributing to growing disparity in learning motivation and educational aspiration of students from different class backgrounds instead.Takehiko Kariya demonstrates by 410 0$aRoutledge/University of Tokyo Series 606 $aEducation$zJapan 606 $aEducational change$zJapan 606 $aEducation$xSocial aspects$zJapan 606 $aEducation$zJapan$xHistory 607 $aJapan$xSocial conditions 615 0$aEducation 615 0$aEducational change 615 0$aEducation$xSocial aspects 615 0$aEducation$xHistory. 676 $a370.951 686 $aPOL000000$2bisacsh 700 $aKariya$b Takehiko$f1955-,$01555431 701 $aBurtscher$b Michael$01555432 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910779444803321 996 $aEducation reform and social class in Japan$93817314 997 $aUNINA