LEADER 06199oam 22011654 450 001 9910779330703321 005 20230802005658.0 010 $a1-4755-2101-4 010 $a1-61635-917-X 010 $a1-283-86689-7 010 $a1-4755-3473-6 035 $a(CKB)2550000000709424 035 $a(EBL)1607038 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000943855 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11564334 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000943855 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10977450 035 $a(PQKB)10984978 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1607038 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1607038 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10635348 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL417939 035 $a(OCoLC)870244930 035 $a(IMF)WPIEE2012257 035 $a(IMF)WPIEA2012257 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000709424 100 $a20020129d2012 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aTax Composition and Growth : $eA Broad Cross-Country Perspective 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2012. 215 $a1 online resource (37 p.) 225 1 $aIMF Working Papers 225 0$aIMF working paper ;$vWP/12/257 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-61635-567-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aCover; Content; I. Introduction; II. The Dataset; III. Tax Structure and Development; Figures; 1. Tax Revenue and Income Levels; 2. Tax Revenue and Income Levels: Disaggregated Analysis; 3. Long-Run Trends in Total Tax Revenue; 4. Trends in Tax Revenue: Disaggregated Analysis; 5. Trends in Tax Composition; IV. Empirical Strategy; V. Tax Composition and Growth I: Full Sample; VI. Tax Composition and Growth II: High, Middle and Low-Income Countries; VII. Endogeneity Checks; VIII. Concluding Remarks; References; Tables; 1. Estimation Results, Full Sample 327 $a2. Comparing Estimation Methods: PMG, MG, and DFE Estimates3. Estimation Results, The Income-Tax Share and Growth, HICs, MICs, and LICs; 4. Estimation Results, The Consumption-and-Property-Tax Share and Growth, HICs, MICs, and LICs; 5. Test of Weak Exogeneity, The Number of Countries with Potential Endogeneity Problem; 6. Estimation Results, Full Sample, After Excluding Countries with; 7. Estimation Results, The Income-Tax Share, HICs, MICs, and LICs, After Excluding Countries with Potential Endogeneity Problem 327 $a8. Estimation Results, The Consumption-and-Property-Tax Share, HICs, MICs, LICs, After Excluding Countries with Potential Endogeneity ProblemAnnexes; I. Construction of the GFS Dataset; II. Definition of Tax Variables; III. The Underlying Error Correction Model; IV. Regression Analysis Considering the Output Level; Annex Tables; Annex Table 1. Tax Composition and Income Level, in Comparison with Arnold et al (2011); V. Summary Statistics; Annex Table 2. Summary Statistics of Tax Variables; Annex Table 3. Summary Statistics of Other Variables 330 3 $aWe investigate the relation between changes in tax composition and long-run economic growth using a new dataset covering a broad cross-section of countries with different income levels. We specifically consider 69 countries with at least 20 years of observations on total tax revenue during the period 1970-2009?21 high-income, 23 middle-income and 25 low-income countries. To our knowledge this is the most comprehensive and up-to-date dataset on tax composition and growth. We find that increasing income taxes while reducing consumption and property taxes is associated with slower growth over the long run. We also find that: (1) among income taxes, social security contributions and personal income taxes have a stronger negative association with growth than corporate income taxes; (2) a shift from income taxes to property taxes has a strong positive association with growth; and (3) a reduction in income taxes while increasing value added and sales taxes is also associated with faster growth. 410 0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2012/257 606 $aTaxation 606 $aFinance, Public 606 $aPublic Finance$2imf 606 $aTaxation$2imf 606 $aFiscal Policy$2imf 606 $aEfficiency$2imf 606 $aOptimal Taxation$2imf 606 $aMeasurement of Economic Growth$2imf 606 $aAggregate Productivity$2imf 606 $aCross-Country Output Convergence$2imf 606 $aPersonal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies$2imf 606 $aTaxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General$2imf 606 $aBusiness Taxes and Subsidies$2imf 606 $aPublic finance & taxation$2imf 606 $aProperty & real estate$2imf 606 $aConsumption taxes$2imf 606 $aIncome tax systems$2imf 606 $aIncome and capital gains taxes$2imf 606 $aProperty tax$2imf 606 $aRevenue administration$2imf 606 $aTaxes$2imf 606 $aIncome tax$2imf 606 $aSpendings tax$2imf 606 $aRevenue$2imf 607 $aArgentina$2imf 615 0$aTaxation. 615 0$aFinance, Public. 615 7$aPublic Finance 615 7$aTaxation 615 7$aFiscal Policy 615 7$aEfficiency 615 7$aOptimal Taxation 615 7$aMeasurement of Economic Growth 615 7$aAggregate Productivity 615 7$aCross-Country Output Convergence 615 7$aPersonal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies 615 7$aTaxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General 615 7$aBusiness Taxes and Subsidies 615 7$aPublic finance & taxation 615 7$aProperty & real estate 615 7$aConsumption taxes 615 7$aIncome tax systems 615 7$aIncome and capital gains taxes 615 7$aProperty tax 615 7$aRevenue administration 615 7$aTaxes 615 7$aIncome tax 615 7$aSpendings tax 615 7$aRevenue 712 02$aInternational Monetary Fund. 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910779330703321 996 $aTax Composition and Growth$93824717 997 $aUNINA