LEADER 05399nam 22006494a 450 001 9910143305803321 005 20170809173613.0 010 $a1-280-19704-8 010 $a9786610197040 010 $a0-470-98861-4 010 $a1-4051-4479-3 035 $a(CKB)1000000000341892 035 $a(EBL)233026 035 $a(OCoLC)475939152 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000254830 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11213137 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000254830 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10213123 035 $a(PQKB)11234658 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC233026 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000341892 100 $a20040809d2005 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aSynthesis of naturally occurring nitrogen heterocycles from carbohydrates$b[electronic resource] /$fEl Sayed H. El Ashry, Ahmed El Nemr 210 $aOxford, UK ;$aAmes, Iowa $cBlackwell Pub.$d2005 215 $a1 online resource (466 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-4051-2934-4 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and indexes. 327 $aSynthesis of Naturally Occurring Nitrogen Heterocycles from Carbohydrates; Contents; Preface; Author details; List of abbreviations and acronyms used in this book; Introduction; 1. Five-membered nitrogen heterocycles; 1.1 Hydroxymethylpyrrolidines; 1.1.1 2-Hydroxymethylpyrrolidines; 1.1.1.1 Synthesis from D-glucose; 1.1.1.2 Synthesis from D-mannose; 1.1.1.3 Synthesis from L-arabinose; 1.1.1.4 Synthesis from D-xylose; 1.1.1.5 Synthesis from D-threose; 1.1.1.6 Synthesis from D-lyxonolactone; 1.1.1.7 Synthesis from D-gulonolactone; 1.1.2 Dihydro-2-hydroxymethylpyrrole (nectrisine) 327 $a1.1.2.1 Synthesis from D-glucose1.1.2.2 Synthesis from D-arabinose; 1.1.2.3 Synthesis from D-glyceraldehyde; 1.1.2.4 Synthesis from L-threitol; 1.1.3 2,5-Dihydroxymethylpyrrolidines; 1.1.3.1 Synthesis from D-glucose; 1.1.3.2 Synthesis from D-glucosamine; 1.1.3.3 Synthesis from D-fructose; 1.1.3.4 Synthesis from L-sorbose; 1.1.3.5 Synthesis from D-arabinose; 1.1.3.6 Synthesis from L-xylose; 1.1.3.7 Synthesis from D-iditol; 1.1.3.8 Synthesis from D-mannitol; 1.1.3.9 Synthesis from D-glucosamic acid; 1.1.3.10 Synthesis from D-glyconolactone; 1.2 2-Carboxypyrrolidines; 1.2.1 Hydroxyprolines 327 $a1.2.1.1 Synthesis from D-glucose1.2.1.2 Synthesis from D-mannitol; 1.2.1.3 Synthesis from L-arabinono- and L-lyxono-lactones; 1.2.1.4 Synthesis from D-ribonolactone; 1.2.1.5 Synthesis from D-gulonolactones; 1.2.1.6 Synthesis from D-gluconolactone; 1.2.1.7 Synthesis from D-glucoronolactone; 1.2.1.8 Synthesis from D-xylonolactone; 1.2.2 Bulgecins; 1.2.2.1 Synthesis from D-glucose; 1.2.2.2 Synthesis from D-glucuronolactone; 1.3 2-Aralkyl pyrrolidines; 1.3.1 (-)-Anisomycin; 1.3.1.1 Synthesis from D-galactose; 1.3.1.2 Synthesis from L-arabinose; 1.3.1.3 Synthesis from D-ribose 327 $a1.3.1.4 Synthesis from L-threose1.3.1.5 Synthesis from L-threitol; 1.3.1.6 Synthesis from D-mannitol; 1.3.2 (+)-Preussin; 1.3.2.1 Synthesis from D-glucose; 1.3.2.2 Synthesis from D-mannose; 1.3.2.3 Synthesis from D-arabinose; 1.4 2-Aryl pyrrolidines; 1.4.1 Codonopsinine and codonopsine; 1.5 Miscellaneous; 1.5.1 Detoxins; 1.5.1.1 Synthesis from D-glucose; 1.5.1.2 Synthesis from L-ascorbic acid; 1.5.2 Gualamycin; 1.5.3 Lactacystin; 2. Five-membered heterocycles with two heteroatoms; 2.1 (+)-Hydantocidin; 2.1.1 Synthesis from D-fructose; 2.1.2 Synthesis from D-ribose 327 $a2.1.3 Synthesis from D-threose2.1.4 Synthesis from D-ribonolactone; 2.2 Bleomycin; 2.2.1 Synthesis from D-glucosamine; 2.2.2 Synthesis from L-rhamnose; 2.2.3 Total synthesis of bleomycin A2; 2.3 Calyculins; 2.3.1 Synthesis from D-lyxose; 2.3.2 Synthesis from D-gulonolactone; 2.3.3 Synthesis from L-idonolactone; 2.3.4 Synthesis from D-ribonolactone; 2.3.5 Synthesis from D-erythronolactone; 2.4 Acivicin; 2.5 Bengazole; 3. Six-membered nitrogen heterocycles; 3.1 Hydroxymethylpiperidines; 3.1.1 Nojirimycin; 3.1.1.1 Synthesis from D-glucose; 3.1.1.2 Synthesis from L-sorbose 327 $a3.1.1.3 Synthesis from L-threose 330 $aCarbohydrates are widely distributed in nature and widely available, and so are considered as a promising feedstock for the preparation of many organic chemical compounds. They are particularly useful in the preparation of nitrogen heterocycles because of their related structural characteristics and easy availability. Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Nitrogen Heterocycles from Carbohydrates will review the recent literature dealing with use of carbohydrates as raw materials in the synthesis of these materials. The text contains six chapters arranged according to the comple 606 $aHeterocyclic compounds$xSynthesis 606 $aCarbohydrates 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aHeterocyclic compounds$xSynthesis. 615 0$aCarbohydrates. 676 $a547.593 676 $a547/.590459 676 $a572.54 700 $aEl Ashry$b El Sayed H.$f1942-$0969036 701 $aEl-Nemr$b Ahmed$f1962-$0936000 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910143305803321 996 $aSynthesis of naturally occurring nitrogen heterocycles from carbohydrates$92201514 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03408nam 2200673 a 450 001 9910778992303321 005 20230914173906.0 010 $a0-8173-8450-2 010 $a0-585-17826-7 035 $a(CKB)111004368624172 035 $a(EBL)1047507 035 $a(OCoLC)817893256 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000191687 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11172095 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000191687 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10184438 035 $a(PQKB)11628270 035 $a(OCoLC)44964028 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse9094 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1047507 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10527712 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1047507 035 $a(EXLCZ)99111004368624172 100 $a19950714d1996 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aLexical change and variation in the southeastern United States, 1930-1990 /$fEllen Johnson 210 $aTuscaloosa $cUniversity of Alabama Press$d1996 215 $a1 online resource (336 pages) 311 0 $a0-8173-0794-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aContents; List of Tables; List of Maps; Acknowledgments; Introduction; 1 Collection and Categorization of the Data; The Linguistic Variables and the Interview; The Social and Regional Variables; 2 Variation; Patterns of Variation; Statistical Methods; Special Topics; 3 Change; Statistical Methods; Change and Variation; Change in the Lexicon; 4 Culture and the Lexicon; The Lexicon as an Object of Study; Cultural Change and Lexical Change; Society and Language Variation; Appendix 1: Biographical Sketches; Appendix 2: Variants Associated with Regional or Social Groups 327 $aAppendix 3: Variants Exhibiting Diachronic Change Appendix 4: Tallies and Selected Commentary; Appendix 5: Index of Variants by Question Number; References; Index 330 $aThis book discusses words used in the Southeast and how they have changed during the 20th century. It also describes how the lexicon varies according to the speaker's age, race, education, sex, and place of residence (urban versus rural; coastal versus piedmont versus mountain). Data collected in the 1930's as part of the Linguistic Atlas of the Middle and South Atlantic States project were compared with data collected in 1990 from similar speakers in the same communities. The results show that region was the most important factor in differentiating 606 $aEnglish language$zSouthern States$xLexicology 606 $aEnglish language$xVariation$zSouthern States 606 $aEnglish language$xDialects$zSouthern States 606 $aLanguage and culture$zSouthern States 606 $aAmericanisms$zSouthern States 606 $aLinguistic change 607 $aSouthern States$xLanguages 615 0$aEnglish language$xLexicology. 615 0$aEnglish language$xVariation 615 0$aEnglish language$xDialects 615 0$aLanguage and culture 615 0$aAmericanisms 615 0$aLinguistic change. 676 $a427/.975 700 $aJohnson$b Ellen$f1959-$01486255 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910778992303321 996 $aLexical change and variation in the southeastern United States, 1930-1990$93705693 997 $aUNINA