LEADER 05591nam 2200661 a 450 001 9910778937703321 005 20230725055952.0 010 $a1-280-49730-0 010 $a9786613592538 010 $a90-272-7395-2 035 $a(CKB)2550000000084402 035 $a(EBL)860152 035 $a(OCoLC)775873224 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000611937 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11374931 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000611937 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10667305 035 $a(PQKB)11314056 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC860152 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL860152 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10533682 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL359253 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000084402 100 $a20101123d2011 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aGeographical typology and linguistic areas$b[electronic resource] $ewith special reference to Africa /$fedited by Osamu Hieda, Christa Ko?nig, Hirosi Nakagawa 210 $aAmsterdam ;$aPhiladelphia $cJohn Benjamins Pub. Co.$dc2011 215 $a1 online resource (328 p.) 225 1 $aTokyo University of foreign studies (TUFS) studies in linguistics ;$vv. 2 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a90-272-0769-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and indexes. 327 $aGeographical Typology and Linguistic Areas; Editorial page; Title page; LCC data; Contents; Message from the President; Center for Corpus-based Linguistics and Language Education; Introduction; References; Areal Features and Linguistic Areas; 1. Preamble; 2. Macro-areas, and their features; 3. Some widespread mechanisms of contact-induced change; 4. Convergence zones and mechanisms of areal diffusion: an Amazonian example; 4.1. Backdrop: Amazonian versus Andine linguistic types; 4.2. The Multilingual Vaupe?s River Basin as a low-tier linguistic area 327 $a4.3. Parallel grammaticalization: the comparative construction 4.4. Developing evidentials: different mechanisms, similar results; 5. To conclude; Abbreviations; Acknowledgements; References; Areas of Grammaticalization and Geographical Typology; 1. Introduction; 1.1. On sprachbunds (linguistic areas); 1.2. Grammaticalization areas; 2. A micro-area of grammaticalization; 3. An areal typology of reflexive markers in Africa; 3.1. Types and sources of reflexive markers; 3.2. The noun channel; 3.3. From noun to functional category: Grammaticalization; 3.4. Discussion; 3.5. Areal distribution 327 $a4. Discussion: Reanalyzing sprachbunds 5. Conclusions; Abbreviations; References; Case Marking and Linguistic Geography; 1. Introduction; 2. Case studies: Cushitic languages; 2.1. Accusative languages; 2.2. Marked Nominative languages; 3. Diachronic observations; 4. Conclusions; Abbreviations; References; Can Ethiopian Languages be Considered Languages in the African Linguistic Area? The Case of Highland East Cushitic, particularly Sidaama and Kambaata; 1. Introduction; 2. Literature Review; 3. Should HEC Languages be Considered as Languages in the African Linguistic Area? 327 $a3.1. African Properties in HEC Languages 3.2. Challenges to the Quantitative Approach to Defining Linguistic Areas; 4. Conclusion; References; Proto-Bantu and Proto-Niger-Congo: Macroareal Typology and Linguistic Reconstruction; 1. Bantu and Niger-Congo in their macro-areal context; 1.1. Introduction; 1.2. The Macro-Sudan belt; 1.3. The Bantu spread zone; 2. Towards the early typology of the Bantu clause; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. The early verb stem structure of Bantu; 2.3. The early predicate structure of Bantu; 3. Towards the role of Bantu for the reconstruction of Niger-Congo; Abreviations 327 $aReferences Explaining Convergence and the Formation of Linguistic Areas; 1. Introduction; 2. Definitions of linguistic areas; 3. What is convergence?; 4. Inferred and attributable meanings; 5. Am emergence scenario for linguistic areas; References; Is Kumam a Creole Language?-A Mechanism of Linguistic Convergence in the Southern Lwo Area; 1. Introduction; 2. Morphosyntactic convergence in the southern Lwo area; 2.1. Development of nominal prefixes; 2.2. Development of tense morphemes; 2.3. Development of the verbal system in Kumam; 3. Concluding remarks; Abbreviations; References 327 $aThe Continuum of Languages in West Tanzania Bantu 330 $aIs Africa a linguistic area (Heine & Leyew 2008)? The present volume consists of sixteen papers highlighting the linguistic geography of Africa, covering, in particular, southern Africa with its Khoisan languages. A wide range of phenomena are discussed to give an overview of the pattern of social, cultural, and linguistic interaction that characterizes Africa's linguistic geography. Most contributors to the volume discuss language contact and areal diffusion in Africa, although some demonstrate, with examples from non-African linguistic data, including Amazonian and European languages, 410 0$aStudies in linguistics (To?kyo? Gaikokugo Daigaku) ;$vv. 2. 606 $aTypology (Linguistics) 607 $aAfrica$xLanguages 615 0$aTypology (Linguistics) 676 $a409.6 701 $aHieda$b Osamu$f1951-$01549989 701 $aKo?nig$b Christa$0635364 701 $aNakagawa$b Hiroshi$f1955-$01549990 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910778937703321 996 $aGeographical typology and linguistic areas$93808441 997 $aUNINA