LEADER 08003nam 2200505 450 001 9910270881603321 005 20230613105954.0 010 $a1-119-31211-6 010 $a1-119-31207-8 010 $a1-119-31209-4 024 7 $a10.1002/9781119312093 035 $a(CKB)4330000000010163 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5359092 035 $a(NjHacI)994330000000010163 035 $a(BIP)055613545 035 $a(EXLCZ)994330000000010163 100 $a20180519d2018 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aDiseases and conditions in dentistry $ean evidence-based reference /$fKeyvan Moharamzadeh 210 1$aHoboken, New Jersey :$cWiley,$d2018. 215 $a1 online resource (394 pages) 311 $a1-119-31203-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aPreface xxi; Glossary xxv; About the Companion Website xxix; 1 Geometrical Optics 1; 1.1 Geometrical Optics -- Ray and Wave Optics 1; 1.2 Fermat's Principle and the Eikonal Equation 2; 1.3 Sequential Geometrical Optics -- A Generalised Description 3; 1.4 Behaviour of Simple Optical Components and Surfaces 10; 1.5 Paraxial Approximation and Gaussian Optics 15; 1.6 Matrix Ray Tracing 16; Further Reading 21; 2 Apertures Stops and Simple Instruments 23; 2.1 Function of Apertures and Stops 23; 2.2 Aperture Stops, Chief, and Marginal Rays 23; 2.3 Entrance Pupil and Exit Pupil 25; 2.4 Telecentricity 27; 2.5 Vignetting 27; 2.6 Field Stops and Other Stops 28; 2.7 Tangential and Sagittal Ray Fans 28; 2.8 Two Dimensional Ray Fans and Anamorphic Optics 28; 2.9 Optical Invariant and Lagrange Invariant 30; 2.10 Eccentricity Variable 31; 2.11 Image Formation in Simple Optical Systems 31; Further Reading 36; 3 Monochromatic Aberrations 37; 3.1 Introduction 37; 3.2 Breakdown of the Paraxial Approximation and Third Order Aberrations 37; 3.3 Aberration and Optical Path Difference 41; 3.4 General Third Order Aberration Theory 46; 3.5 Gauss-Seidel Aberrations 47; 3.6 Summary of Third Order Aberrations 55; Further Reading 58; 4 Aberration Theory and Chromatic Aberration 59; 4.1 General Points 59; 4.2 Aberration Due to a Single Refractive Surface 60; 4.3 Reflection from a Spherical Mirror 64; 4.4 Refraction Due to Optical Components 67; 4.5 The Effect of Pupil Position on Element Aberration 78; 4.6 Abbe Sine Condition 81; 4.7 Chromatic Aberration 83; 4.8 Hierarchy of Aberrations 92; Further Reading 94; 5 Aspheric Surfaces and Zernike Polynomials 95; 5.1 Introduction 95; 5.2 Aspheric Surfaces 95; 5.3 Zernike Polynomials 100; Further Reading 109; 6 Diffraction, Physical Optics, and Image Quality 111; 6.1 Introduction 111; 6.2 The Eikonal Equation 112; 6.3 Huygens Wavelets and the Diffraction Formulae 112; 6.4 Diffraction in the Fraunhofer Approximation 115; 6.5 Diffraction in an Optical System -- the Airy Disc 116; 6.6 The Impact of Aberration on System Resolution 120; 6.7 Laser Beam Propagation 123; 6.8 Fresnel Diffraction 130; 6.9 Diffraction and Image Quality 132; Further Reading 138; 7 Radiometry and Photometry 139; 7.1 Introduction 139; 7.2 Radiometry 139; 7.3 Scattering of Light from Rough Surfaces 146; 7.4 Scattering of Light from Smooth Surfaces 147; 7.5 Radiometry and Object Field Illumination 151; 7.6 Radiometric Measurements 155; 7.7 Photometry 158; Further Reading 166; 8 Polarisation and Birefringence 169; 8.1 Introduction 169; 8.2 Polarisation 170; 8.3 Birefringence 178; 8.4 Polarisation Devices 187; 8.5 Analysis of Polarisation Components 191; 8.6 Stress-induced Birefringence 196; Further Reading 197; 9 Optical Materials 199; 9.1 Introduction 199; 9.2 Refractive Properties of Optical Materials 200; 9.3 Transmission Characteristics of Materials 212; 9.4 Thermomechanical Properties 215; 9.5 Material Quality 219; 9.6 Exposure to Environmental Attack 221; 9.7 Material Processing 221; Further Reading 222; 10 Coatings and Filters 223; 10.1 Introduction 223; 10.2 Properties of Thin Films 223; 10.3 Filters 232; 10.4 Design of Thin Film Filters 244; 10.5 Thin Film Materials 246; 10.6 Thin Film Deposition Processes 247; Further Reading 250; 11 Prisms and Dispersion Devices 251; 11.1 Introduction 251; 11.2 Prisms 251; 11.3 Analysis of Diffraction Gratings 257; 11.4 Diffractive Optics 273; 11.5 Grating Fabrication 274; Further Reading 276; 12 Lasers and Laser Applications 277; 12.1 Introduction 277; 12.2 Stimulated Emission Schemes 279; 12.3 Laser Cavities 284; 12.4 Taxonomy of Lasers 293; 12.5 List of Laser Types 298; 12.6 Laser Applications 301; Further Reading 308; 13 Optical Fibres and Waveguides 309; 13.1 Introduction 309; 13.2 Geometrical Description of Fibre Propagation 310; 13.3 Waveguides and Modes 317; 13.4 Single Mode Optical Fibres 324; 13.5 Optical Fibre Materials 329; 13.6 Coupling of Light into Fibres 330; 13.7 Fibre Splicing and Connection 334; 13.8 Fibre Splitters, Combiners, and Couplers 335; 13.9 Polarisation and Polarisation Maintaining Fibres 335; 13.10 Focal Ratio Degradation 336; 13.11 Periodic Structures in Fibres 336; 13.12 Fibre Manufacture 338; 13.13 Fibre Applications 339; Further Reading 339; 14 Detectors 341; 14.1 Introduction 341; 14.2 Detector Types 341; 14.3 Noise in Detectors 354; 14.4 Radiometry and Detectors 364; 14.5 Array Detectors in Instrumentation 365; Further Reading 368; 15 Optical Instrumentation -- Imaging Devices 369; 15.1 Introduction 369; 15.2 The Design of Eyepieces 370; 15.3 Microscope Objectives 378; 15.4 Telescopes 381; 15.5 Camera Systems 392; Further Reading 405; 16 Interferometers and Related Instruments 407; 16.1 Introduction 407; 16.2 Background 407; 16.3 Classical Interferometers 409; 16.4 Calibration 418; 16.5 Interferometry and Null Tests 420; 16.6 Interferometry and Phase Shifting 425; 16.7 Miscellaneous Characterisation Techniques 426; Further Reading 433; 17 Spectrometers and Related Instruments 435; 17.1 Introduction 435; 17.2 Basic Spectrometer Designs 436; 17.3 Time Domain Spectrometry 454; Further Reading 457; 18 Optical Design 459; 18.1 Introduction 459; 18.2 Design Philosophy 461; 18.3 Optical Design Tools 467; 18.4 Non-Sequential Modelling 487; 18.5 Afterword 495; Further Reading 495; 19 Mechanical and Thermo-Mechanical Modelling 497; 19.1 Introduction 497; 19.2 Basic Elastic Theory 498; 19.3 Basic Analysis of Mechanical Distortion 501; 19.4 Basic Analysis of Thermo-Mechanical Distortion 517; 19.5 Finite Element Analysis 525; Further Reading 529; 20 Optical Component Manufacture 531; 20.1 Introduction 531; 20.2 Conventional Figuring of Optical Surfaces 532; 20.3 Specialist Shaping and Polishing Techniques 539; 20.4 Diamond Machining 541; 20.5 Edging and Bonding 547; 20.6 Form Error and Surface Roughness 550; 20.7 Standards and Drawings 551; Further Reading 557; 21 System Integration and Alignment 559; 21.1 Introduction 559; 21.2 Component Mounting 561; 21.3 Op. 330 $a"Diseases and Conditions in Dentistry: An Evidence-Based Reference is the ideal, one-stop guide for dentistry clinicians to keep at their side. Provides a quick reference for the busy clinician covering diseases and conditions in endodontics, periodontics, prosthodontics and restorative dentistry. Offers identically formatted chapters following the same clear and concise layout with detailed clinical cases and evidence-based discussions. Features a companion website with additional clinical photographs, radiographs, and case notes"--Provided by publisher. 606 $aMouth$xDiseases 606 $aOral medicine 610 $aEvidence-Based Medicine 610 $aDentistry 610 $aMedical 615 0$aMouth$xDiseases. 615 0$aOral medicine. 676 $a617.522 700 $aMoharamzadeh$b Keyvan$01212648 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910270881603321 996 $aDiseases and conditions in dentistry$92800301 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03861oam 2200697I 450 001 9910778921403321 005 20230802004607.0 010 $a1-136-51087-7 010 $a1-283-44158-6 010 $a9786613441584 010 $a0-203-14760-X 010 $a1-136-51088-5 024 7 $a10.4324/9780203147603 035 $a(CKB)2550000000088753 035 $a(EBL)957493 035 $a(OCoLC)798533214 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000648587 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12227003 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000648587 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10600160 035 $a(PQKB)11248250 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC957493 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL957493 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10531864 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL344158 035 $a(OCoLC)785426771 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000088753 100 $a20180706d2012 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aCommunity visioning programs $eprocesses and outcomes /$fedited by Norman Walzer and Gisele F. Hamm 210 1$aMilton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ;$aNew York :$cRoutledge,$d2012. 215 $a1 online resource (225 p.) 225 1 $aCommunity development research and practice series ;$vv. 1 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-415-68029-8 311 $a0-415-68028-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover; Community Visioning Programs Processes And Outcomes; Copyright; Contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; Notes on Contributors; Series Editor's Introduction; Preface; 1. Community Visioning Initiatives; 2. Essential Ingredients in Successful Visioning; 3. Structures,Approaches, Stakeholders, and Program Outcomes; 4. Ready to Vision? Evidence from Social Capital Assessments in Four Minnesota Towns; 5. A Framework for Teaching and Implementing Community Visioning; 6. The Importance of Intangible Outcomes; 7. Building Solidarity and Agency Through a Participatory Visioning Process 327 $a8. Appreciative Inquiry as a Visioning Process9. Strategic Doing for Community Development; 10. Breakthrough Solutions:A New Paradigm for Strategic Visioning?; Index 330 $a"Community visioning is key in helping local public officials and community leaders create a flourishing future for their cities, and is essential for the effective planning of these strategies. Visioning involves collaborative goal setting to motivate actions - of planners, citizens, and officials - in order to set up a strategic plan for the successful development of the community. The use of visioning since the 1980s has led to a wealth of information on the productivity of the paths it has taken. The contributors, all with experience working in the area, review the successes and failures of the strategies, and look at new innovations which are pushing the frontiers of community visioning. This review of the development of visioning focuses on small and medium sized communities in North America. It aims to guide citizens, local leaders and planners on what strategies are best to help them revitalise their communities and ensure a prosperous future"--$cProvided by publisher. 410 0$aCommunity development research and practice series ;$vv. 1. 606 $aCommunity life 606 $aCommunities$xPlanning 606 $aCommunity development$xPlanning 615 0$aCommunity life. 615 0$aCommunities$xPlanning. 615 0$aCommunity development$xPlanning. 676 $a307.1/160973 701 $aHamm$b Gisele$01506788 701 $aWalzer$b Norman$0141225 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910778921403321 996 $aCommunity visioning programs$93737161 997 $aUNINA