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010   $a9786613527431
010   $a0-309-59398-0
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100   $a19830128d1982      uy             0
101 0 $aeng
135   $aur|n|---|||||
181   $ctxt
182   $cc
183   $acr
200 10$aScientific communication and national security$b[electronic resource] $ea report /$fprepared by the Panel on Scientific Communication and National Security, Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy, National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, Institute of Medicine
210   $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academy Press$d1982
215   $a1 online resource (205 p.)
300   $aFifth printing, January 1984.
311   $a0-309-03332-2 
320   $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 78-89).
327   $a""BOOK-TITLE""; ""COPYRIGHT""; ""SPONSORS""; ""PREFACE""; ""CONTENTS""; ""EXECUTIVE SUMMARY""; ""UNWANTED TRANSFER OF U.S. TECHNOLOGY""; ""UNIVERSITIES AND SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION""; ""THE CURRENT CONTROL SYSTEM""; ""COSTS AND BENEFITS OF CONTROLS""; ""PRINCIPAL FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Control of University Research Activities""; ""Unrestricted Areas of Research""; ""Classification""; ""Gray Areas""; ""The Export of Domestically Available Technical Data Under ITAR and EAR Regulations""; ""The Use of Voluntary Controls""; ""The Militarily Critical Technologies List""
327   $a""Technology Transfer to the Third World""""INTRODUCTION""; ""1 CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ABOUT UNWANTED TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND ITS MILITARY SIGNIFICANCE""; """"; ""THE QUALITY OF THE EVIDENCE""; ""POTENTIAL CHANNELS AND TYPES OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER""; ""THE OVERALL PROBLEM""; ""THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY""; ""THE SOVIET ACQUISITION EFFORT""; ""THE OVERALL PROBLEM""; ""THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY""; ""EVIDENCE OF THE EXTENT OF UNWANTED TRANSFER""; ""THE OVERALL PROBLEM""; ""THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY""; ""EVIDENCE OF THE SOVIET ABSORPTION CAPACITY""
327   $a""EVIDENCE OF THE MILITARY SIGNIFICANCE OF TECHNOLOGY LOSSES""""THE OVERALL PROBLEM""; ""THE ROLE OF THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY""; ""PROJECTIONS FOR CHANGE""; ""2 UNIVERSITIES AND SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION""; ""UNIVERSITY RESEARCH AND TEACHING""; ""SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION""; ""BILATERAL INTERGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENTS""; ""NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES EXCHANGE PROGRAMS""; ""INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH AND EXCHANGE BOARD PROGRAM""; ""3 THE CURRENT CONTROL SYSTEM""; ""CLASSIFICATION OF INFORMATION""; ""EXPORT CONTROLS""; ""EAA AND EAR""; ""ARMS EXPORT CONTROL ACT AND ITAR""
327   $a""LIMITATIONS OF EXPORT CONTROL AUTHORITY""""CONTRACTUAL RESTRICTIONS""; ""a???VOLUNTARYa??? RESTRICTIONS""; ""CONTROLS ON FOREIGN VISITORS""; ""VISA CONTROLS""; ""EXCHANGE PROGRAMS""; ""4 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS: BALANCING THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF CONTROLS""; ""PREVENTING SOVIET MILITARY ADVANCES BASED ON U.S. RESEARCH""; ""THE RELATION TO CONTROLS""; ""THE PANEL'S ASSESSMENT""; ""Leakage and the Research Community""; ""FOSTERING U.S. MILITARY AND ECONOMIC STRENGTH""; ""THE RELATION TO CONTROLS""; ""THE PANEL'S ASSESSMENT""; ""Openness and Military Strength""; ""Openness and Economic Strength""
327   $a""Security by Accomplishment""""PROTECTING EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL VALUES""; ""THE RELATION TO CONTROLS""; ""THE PANEL'S ASSESSMENT""; ""THE FEASIBILITY OF CONTROLS""; ""BALANCING COMPETING OBJECTIVES: THE PANEL'S JUDGMENT""; ""PRINCIPLES FOR UNIVERSITY RESEARCH""; ""GUIDELINES FOR CLASSIFIED AND GRAY-AREA RESEARCH""; ""5 IMPROVING THE CURRENT SYSTEM""; ""THE WORKABILITY OF THE CURRENT SYSTEM CAN BE IMPROVED""; ""EXPORT CONTROLS AND DOMESTICALLY AVAILABLE INFORMATION""; ""PRIORITIES WITHIN THE EXPORT CONTROL SYSTEM""; ""MILITARILY CRITICAL TECHNOLOGIES LIST""; ""VOLUNTARY CONTROLS""
327   $a""STAFFING DEFICIENCIES""
606   $aCommunication in science
606   $aNational security
615  0$aCommunication in science.
615  0$aNational security.
676   $a353.0085/5
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906   $aBOOK
912   $a9910778682603321
996   $aScientific communication and national security$93791566
997   $aUNINA