LEADER 06498oam 22006975 450 001 9910778247603321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-281-19136-1 010 $a9786611191368 010 $a0-8213-7366-8 024 7 $a10.1596/978-0-8213-7365-1 035 $a(CKB)1000000000484134 035 $a(EBL)459859 035 $a(OCoLC)213452491 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000087112 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11108183 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000087112 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10052483 035 $a(PQKB)11502146 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC459859 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL459859 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10212651 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL119136 035 $a(OCoLC)567936067 035 $a(The World Bank)2507 035 $a(US-djbf)2507 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000484134 100 $a20020129d2008 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aGlobal Economic Prospects 2008 : $eTechnology Diffusion in the Developing World 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cThe World Bank,$d2008 215 $a1 online resource (201 pages) 225 1 $aGlobal Economic Prospects 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8213-7365-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aContents; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Overview; Technological achievement and diffusion in developing countries; Figure 1 Robust growth among developing countries should cushion the developed country slowdown; Figure 2 Scientific innovation and invention is almost exclusively a high-income activity; Figure 3 Technological achievement: Converging, but the gap remains large; Figure 4 The penetration of older and more recent technologies depends on more than income; Figure 5 Technological achievement tends to level off at different income levels in different regions 327 $aFigure 6 Most technologies fail to penetrate deeply into developing economies Figure 7 The urban-rural gap in telephone access in India is huge; Figure 8 Domestic absorptive capacity both conditions and attracts external flows; Figure 9 Developing countries' trade in technology goods has risen; Figure 10 Macroeconomic stability has improved since the early 1990's; Figure 11 Literacy rates have increased in all regions; Some policy directions; Figure 12 Developing regions have much poorer governance than do OECD countries; Box 1 Summary of empirical results; Note; References 327 $aChapter 1 Prospects for Developing Countries Figure 1.1 The perceived riskiness of high-yield corporate bonds increased more than that of emerging market bonds; Figure 1.2 Emerging market asset sell-off more severe than during earlier periods of market turbulence; Figure 1.3 Global equity markets fall, then recover led by emerging markets; Table 1.1 Gross capital flows to developing countries, 2005-07; Figure 1.4 A step-down in growth in 2008; Table 1.2 The global outlook in summary, 2005-09; Figure 1.5 Volatile patterns of growth among OECD countries 327 $aFigure 1.6 Tighter credit and weak housing yield slower U.S. growth Figure 1.7 Robust growth in developing country industrial production; Table 1.3 Recent economic indicators, developing regions, 2005-07; Figure 1.8 Developing growth retains strong momentum during the first half of 2007...; Figure 1.9 ...with growth moderating through 2009; Figure 1.10 East Asia now accounts for one-quarter of China's imports; Figure 1.11 External positions vary widely across Europe and Central Asia; Figure 1.12 Growth eases in 2007 for the Latin America and Caribbean region 327 $aFigure 1.13 Continued oil revenue gains support growth among Middle East and North Africa oil exporters Box 1.1 Developing country exports in the wake of the removal of barriers to Chinese exports; Figure 1.14 South Asia growth is slowing as the Indian rupee appreciates; Figure 1.15 Oil exporters drive 2007 growth results for Sub-Saharan Africa; Table 1.4 Developments and prospects for world trade and payments; Figure 1.16 Weak U.S. growth reduces demand for developing country exports; Figure 1.17 Export opportunities for high-income countries 327 $aFigure 1.18 U.S. current account narrows over 2007 and is likely to continue doing so 330 3 $aGlobal Economic Prospects 2008: Technology Diffusion in the Developing World examines the state of technology in developing countries and the pace with which it has advanced since the early 1990s. It reveals both encouraging and cautionary trends. On the one hand, the pace of technological progress in developing countries has been much faster than in high-income countries-reflecting increased exposure to foreign technology as a result of linkages with high-skilled diasporas and the opening of these countries to international trade and foreign direct investment.On the other hand, the technology gap remains large, and the domestic factors that determine how quickly technologies spread within developing countries often stymie progress, especially among low-income countries. This year's Global Economic Prospects comes on the heels of an extended period of strong growth and a 15 year period of strong performance in much of the developing world, which has contributed to substantial declines in global poverty. While high oil prices and heightened market volatility may signal a coming pause in this process, over the longer term continued technological progress should continue to push back poverty. Rapid technological progress in developing countries has been central to the reduction of poverty in recent decades. While the integration of global markets has played and will continue to play a key role in this, future success will increasingly depend on strengthening technical competencies and the business environment for innovative firms in developing countries. 410 0$aGlobal Economic Prospects 410 0$aWorld Bank e-Library. 606 $aDiffusion of innovations$zDeveloping countries 606 $aInformation technology$zDeveloping countries 615 0$aDiffusion of innovations 615 0$aInformation technology 676 $a301.24 712 02$aWorld Bank. 801 0$bDJBF 801 1$bDJBF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910778247603321 996 $aGlobal Economic Prospects 2008$93834162 997 $aUNINA