LEADER 04547nam 22005535 450 001 9910746965603321 005 20251009094946.0 010 $a3-031-40224-3 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-031-40224-1 035 $a(CKB)5840000000405799 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-031-40224-1 035 $a(EXLCZ)995840000000405799 100 $a20230928d2023 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn|008mamaa 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aWho Wrote Citizen Kane? $eStatistical Analysis of Disputed Co-Authorship /$fby Warren Buckland 205 $a1st ed. 2023. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer Nature Switzerland :$cImprint: Springer,$d2023. 215 $a1 online resource (XIII, 167 p. 68 illus.) 225 1 $aQuantitative Methods in the Humanities and Social Sciences,$x2199-0964 311 08$a3-031-40223-5 327 $aIntroduction: War of the Words -- 1. The Trials of Co -- Authorship -- 2. Screenplays: Words on a Page -- 3. The Statistical Analysis of Style: Aims and Methods -- 4. Distinguishing Mankiewicz from Welles: Training Phase Results -- 5. Comparing Mankiewicz and Welles to the Citizen Kane Screenplay -- (1): Relative Frequencies, Distinctiveness Ratios,and Confidence Intervals -- 6. Comparing Mankiewicz and Welles to the Citizen Kane Screenplay (2): Sentence Length, Clusters, Type/Token -- Ratios, and Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC)In Conclusion -- Appendice -- Works Cited -- Index. 330 $aThis book offers a solution to one of film history?s major controversies: the long-running dispute over Orson Welles? and Herman J. Mankiewicz?s contributions to the Citizen Kane screenplay. It establishes the vital importance of computing and statistics to solving previously intractable puzzles in the arts and humanities. Citizen Kane (1941) is one of the most acclaimed films in the history of cinema. For 50 years it topped the Sight & Sound film critics? poll. Orson Welles directed the film and is credited with co-writing the screenplay with Herman J. Mankiewicz. But the co-writer credit generates furious disputes between those who argue Mankiewicz is the sole author of Citizen Kane and those who claim that Welles collaborated fully with its writing. The author employs computing and statistics to answer two questions: What are the distinguishing features of Welles? and of Mankiewicz?s writing? And What did each contribute to the writing of the Citizen Kane screenplay? To answer these questions, the author bypasses opinions and impressions, and instead subjects the language of the Citizen Kane screenplay to a ?forensic? examination. Employing linguistics, basic statistical tests, plus computer technology and software, the author identifies the stylistic signature of each author ? the combination of consistent and regular linguistic habits that make each author?s writing distinctive. This book replaces impressionistic discussions of Mankiewicz?s and Welles? contributions to the Citizen Kane screenplay with a rigorous, experiment-driven statistical analysis. Earlier statistical studies of authorship have discovered that small, unassuming language features (such as punctuation, pronouns, and prepositions) in statistically significant quantities, constitute a screenwriter?s distinctive writing habits. Only with the extensive experimentation carried out in this volume, did the author decide Mankiewicz?s and Welles? specific habits and their contributions to Citizen Kane. 410 0$aQuantitative Methods in the Humanities and Social Sciences,$x2199-0964 606 $aSocial sciences$xStatistical methods 606 $aPhilology 606 $aMotion picture authorship 606 $aLinguistics 606 $aStatistics in Social Sciences, Humanities, Law, Education, Behavorial Sciences, Public Policy 606 $aPhilology 606 $aScreenwriting 606 $aLinguistics 615 0$aSocial sciences$xStatistical methods. 615 0$aPhilology. 615 0$aMotion picture authorship. 615 0$aLinguistics. 615 14$aStatistics in Social Sciences, Humanities, Law, Education, Behavorial Sciences, Public Policy. 615 24$aPhilology. 615 24$aScreenwriting. 615 24$aLinguistics. 676 $a300.727 700 $aBuckland$b Warren$4aut$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut$0780428 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910746965603321 996 $aWho Wrote Citizen Kane$94176213 997 $aUNINA