LEADER 03178nam 2200649Ia 450 001 9910454405603321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-282-23564-8 010 $a9786612235641 010 $a0-387-76562-X 024 7 $a10.1007/978-0-387-76562-4 035 $a(CKB)1000000000746354 035 $a(EBL)437783 035 $a(OCoLC)370598939 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000123812 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11132688 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000123812 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10014827 035 $a(PQKB)10290910 035 $a(DE-He213)978-0-387-76562-4 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC437783 035 $a(PPN)134124464 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL437783 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10294490 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL223564 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000746354 100 $a20080331d2008 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aClocks in the sky$b[electronic resource] $ethe story of pulsars /$fGeoff McNamara 205 $a1st ed. 2008. 210 $aBerlin ;$aNew York $cSpringer ;$aChichester, UK $cPublished in association with Praxis$dc2008 215 $a1 online resource (200 p.) 225 1 $aSpringer-Praxis books in popular astronomy 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-387-76560-3 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $a?Life & Death Among The Stars? -- ?1932? -- ?A New Window? -- ?scruff? -- ?What makes pulsars tick?? -- ?The Crab? -- ?Optical Pulsars? -- ?The Searchers? -- ?Two by Two? -- ?Faster? -- ?Globular Pulsars? -- ?Pulsar Planets? -- ?Magnetars? -- ?seeing Double? -- ?Of Multibeams and RRATs? -- ?The Future?. 330 $aPulsars are rapidly spinning neutron stars, the collapsed cores of once massive stars that ended their lives as supernova explosions. In this book, Geoff McNamara explores the history, subsequent discovery and contemporary research into pulsar astronomy. The story of pulsars is brought right up to date with the announcement in 2006 of a new breed of pulsar, Rotating Radio Transients (RRATs), which emit short bursts of radio signals separated by long pauses. These may outnumber conventional radio pulsars by a ratio of four to one. Geoff McNamara ends by pointing out that, despite the enormous success of pulsar research in the second half of the twentieth century, the real discoveries are yet to be made including, perhaps, the detection of the hypothetical pulsar black hole binary system by the proposed Square Kilometre Array - the largest single radio telescope in the world. 410 0$aSpringer-Praxis books in popular astronomy. 606 $aPulsars 606 $aRadiation sources 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aPulsars. 615 0$aRadiation sources. 676 $a523.8874 700 $aMcNamara$b Geoff$0906154 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910454405603321 996 $aClocks in the sky$92026723 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05742nam 2200505I 450 001 9910734330703321 005 20251116135628.0 010 $a1-351-66093-4 010 $a1-351-66092-6 010 $a1-315-15990-2 035 $a(CKB)4920000000019673 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5580409 035 $a(OCoLC)1050360758 035 $a(FlBoTFG)9781315159904 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL5580409 035 $a(OCoLC)1053982176 035 $a(EXLCZ)994920000000019673 100 $a20181112d2018 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||####||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aFrom Models to Simulations /$fby Franck Varenne 205 $aFirst edition. 210 1$aBoca Raton, FL :$cRoutledge,$d2018. 215 $a1 online resource (237 pages) 225 1 $aHistory and philosophy of technoscience 311 08$a1-138-06521-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tContents-- --$tList of figures --$tAcknowledgments --$tList of French abbreviations --$tIntroduction --$tChapter 1 Geometric and botanic simulation --$t1 The probabilistic simulation of branching biological shapes: Cohen (1966) --$t2 The epistemic functions of modular programming, simulation and visualization --$t3 The first geometric and realistic simulation of trees (Honda-Fisher, 1971-1977) --$t4 The limitations of morphometry and of thermodynamics of trees --$t5 The first geometric simulation of an actual tree: Terminalia --$t6 A recap of geometric simulation --$tChapter 2: The logical model and algorithmic simulation of algae --$t1 A botanist won over by logical positivism: the "theory of lifecycles" by A. Lindenmayer (1963-1965) --$t2 Unusable set of axioms and used set of axioms --$t3 From logical theory to automata theory (1966-1967) --$t4 The "developmental model" and the rules of rewriting (1968) --$t5 The dispute with Brian Carey Goodwin regarding "natural" formalisms --$t6 Recap: the computer as automata model and deductive machine --$tChapter 3: The limitations of biometric models and the transition to simulation in agronomy --$t1 The institutional and technical context of the IFCC (1966-1971) --$t2 Transferring a little bit of econometrics to biometrics: a problem of optimization (1974) --$t3 The first application of plant simulation in agronomics (1974-1975) --$t4 Fragmented modelling and geometric simulation: de Reffye (1975-1981) --$t5 Simulation, imitation and the sub-symbolic use of formalisms --$tChapter 4: A random and universal architectural simulation --$t1 Making headway in botany: the notion of "architectural model" (1966-1978) --$t2 The search for botanical realism (1978-1979) --$t3 Criticisms of theoretical models --$t4 Criticisms of biometric models --$t5 A mixed reception (1979-1981) --$tChapter 5: Convergence between integrative simulation and computer graphics --$t1 The relaunch of research into architectural simulation (1985-1991) --$t2 Jaegers thesis: the prefixed model and synthesis of botanical images (1987) --$t3 Blaises thesis: the simulation of buds parallelism (1991) --$t4 How can an integrative simulation be validated? --$tChapter 6: Convergence between universal simulation and forestry (1990-1998) --$t1 An epistemological dispute between modellers: INRA and CIRAD --$t2 Conceptual and institutional convergence: the CIRAD/INRA partner laboratory (1995) --$t3 The empirical value of simulation --$t4 Supra-simulations --$tChapter 7: The remathematization of simulations (from 1998 onwards) --$t1 The first mixed structure-function model: "water efficiency" (1997-1999) --$t2 The parallel evolution of algorithmic simulation: 1984-1994 --$t3 Simulating the individual plant in order to observe crop functioning (1997-2000) --$t4 The association between AMAP and INRIA: sub-structures and factorization (1998-2006) --$t5 Recap: pluriformalized simulation and convergence between disciplines --$tChapter 8: Twenty-one functions of models and three types of simulations Classifications and applications --$t1 General function, main functions and specific functions of models --$t2 General characterization and classification of computer simulations --$t3 System simulation, model simulation, system-simulation model and model-simulation model --$t4 Applications to different plant models and plant simulations --$tConclusion --$t--Glossary --$tSelected Bibliography --$tIndex of names --$tIndex of subjects 330 3 $aThis book analyses the impact computerization has had on contemporary science and explains the origins, technical nature and epistemological consequences of the current decisive interplay between technology and science: an intertwining of formalism, computation, data acquisition, data and visualization and how these factors have led to the spread of simulation models since the 1950s. Using historical, comparative and interpretative case studies from a range of disciplines, with a particular emphasis on the case of plant studies, the author shows how and why computers, data treatment devices and programming languages have occasioned a gradual but irresistible and massive shift from mathematical models to computer simulations. 410 0$aHistory and philosophy of technoscience. 606 $aBiological systems$xMathematical models 606 $aBiological systems$xComputer simulation 615 0$aBiological systems$xMathematical models. 615 0$aBiological systems$xComputer simulation. 676 $a570.1/13 700 $aVarenne$b Franck$01140062 801 0$bFlBoTFG 801 1$bFlBoTFG 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910734330703321 996 $aFrom Models to Simulations$93404180 997 $aUNINA