LEADER 03055nam 2200481 450 001 9910726282603321 005 20231018112113.0 010 $a9783031194740 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-031-19474-0 035 $a(CKB)26748280000041 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-031-19474-0 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC30545130 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL30545130 035 $a(BIP)085722144 035 $a(EXLCZ)9926748280000041 100 $a20231018d2023 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn|008mamaa 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aFinland's Great Famine, 1856-68 /$fAndrew G. Newby 205 $aFirst edition. 210 1$aCham, Switzerland :$cSpringer Nature Switzerland AG,$d[2023] 210 4$dİ2023 215 $a1 online resource (XX, 319 p. 16 illus.) 311 $a9783031194733 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $a1 Introduction: ?The Appalling Cry of Famine?: Famine in Nineteenth-Century Europe -- 2 Finland, Europe and the Russian Empire, 1809-1855 -- 3 The Crimean War and the ?Finnish Famine Relief Committee? -- 4 National Reform and Renewed Famine, 1860-66 -- 5 Reactions to the ?Frost Night? of 1867 -- 6 The Role of Private Charity in Finland, 1867-68 -- 7 Poor Relief and Public Works Schemes -- 8 Seeking Refuge at Home and Abroad, 1867-68 -- 9 Famine and Regional Crises in Finland, 1868-1918 -- 10 ?A Sacred Responsibility to Remember?? Finland?s Great Hunger Years: Historiography, Literature and Memorialisation -- 11 Conclusion. 330 $aThis book will provide a thematic overview of one of European history?s most devastating famines, the Great Finnish Famine of the 1860s. In 1868, the nadir of several years of worsening economic conditions, 137,000 people (approximately 8% of the Finnish population) perished as the result of hunger and disease. The attitudes and policies enacted by Finland?s devolved administration tended to follow European norms, and therefore were often similar to the ?colonial? practices seen in other famines at the time. What is distinctive about this catastrophe in a mid-nineteenth-century context, is that despite Finland being a part of the Russian Empire, it was largely responsible for its own governance, and indeed was developing its economic, political and cultural autonomy at the time of the famine. Finland?s Great Famine 1856-68 examines key themes such as the use of emergency foods, domestic and overseas charity, vagrancy and crime, emergency relief works, and emigration. 607 $aFinland$xPolitics and government$y1809-1917 607 $aFinland$xHistory$y1809-1917 607 $aFinland$xHistory$yFamine, 1867-1868 610 $aScandinavia 610 $aHistory 676 $a948.9702 700 $aNewby$b Andrew G.$01428291 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 912 $a9910726282603321 996 $aFinland?s Great Famine, 1856-68$93563987 997 $aUNINA