LEADER 10009nam 2200469 450 001 9910624314603321 005 20230320040928.0 010 $a981-19-5359-7 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC7133276 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL7133276 035 $a(CKB)25299342400041 035 $a(PPN)266355536 035 $a(EXLCZ)9925299342400041 100 $a20230320d2022 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aSpectrum of sex $ethe molecular bases that induce various sexual phenotypes /$fMinoru Tanaka and Makoto Tachibana, editors 210 1$aSingapore :$cSpringer,$d[2022] 210 4$dİ2022 215 $a1 online resource (231 pages) 311 08$aPrint version: Tanaka, Minoru Spectrum of Sex Singapore : Springer,c2022 9789811953583 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aIntro -- Preface -- Contents -- Part I: Genetic Regulation of the Sex Spectrum -- Chapter 1: Spectrum of Sex in a Horn of the Japanese Rhinoceros Beetle -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Sex-Determining Molecular Mechanism in Holometabolous Insects -- 1.3 Sex Spectrum in T. dichotomus Horn Visualised by Manipulating the Sex Determination Pathway -- References -- Chapter 2: Sexual Differentiation in Dragonflies and Damselflies -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Sex Determination System in Insects -- 2.3 Sex Chromosomes and Chromosome Number Variations in Dragonflies and Damselflies -- 2.4 Sexual Dimorphism, Adult Color Transition, and Female Color Polymorphism of Dragonflies and Damselflies -- 2.5 Sex Determination Cascades in Insects -- 2.6 Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Sexual Differentiation in Ischnura Damselflies -- 2.7 Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Wax-Based Sexual Differentiation in Dragonflies -- 2.8 Conclusion and Perspective -- References -- Chapter 3: Dimorphic Female-Limited Batesian Mimicry in Two Papilio Butterflies -- 3.1 General Introduction -- 3.2 Characteristic Traits of Mimetic/Non-mimetic P. polytes and P. memnon Females and Males -- 3.3 Chemical and Physical Properties of Pigments in Wing Scales in Two Papilio Butterflies -- 3.4 Identification of Responsible Genes and Supergene Structure for the H and A Locus -- 3.5 Evolutionary Process of the Mimicry Supergene in Two Papilio Butterflies -- 3.6 Expression Profiles of Genes Inside the Mimicry Supergene -- 3.7 Functional Analysis of the dsx Gene and Downstream Genes Controlled under Mimetic Dsx -- 3.8 Cost-Benefit Balance in Batesian Mimicry of P. polytes: Sexual Strategy Versus Mimicry -- References -- Chapter 4: Spectrum of Sex Chromosomes in Mammals -- 4.1 Large X, Small Y -- 4.2 XO Males Without SRY -- 4.3 XO/XO System in Spiny Rats, Genus Tokudaia -- 4.4 Y Loss in the XO Spiny Rat. 327 $a4.5 Avoidance of a Y Chromosome Loss in XY Spiny Rat -- 4.6 XCI in the Genus Tokudaia -- 4.7 Independent Losses of the Y Chromosome in the Mole Vole, Genus Ellobius -- 4.8 African Pygmy Mouse, XY Females -- 4.9 Creeping Vole, XX Males -- 4.10 Sox9 Regulation in Atypical Sex Chromosomes -- References -- Chapter 5: The Evolutionary Aspects of the Mammalian Sex-Determining Gene SRY -- 5.1 The Mammalian Sex Determination Gene SRY -- 5.2 Function of Sry in Sex Determination -- 5.3 Genetic Structure of Sry -- 5.4 Discovery of Two-Exon Sry (Sry-T) -- 5.4.1 Identification of Mouse Sry Exon2 -- 5.4.2 Sry-T Is Essential for Testis Development -- 5.4.3 Existence of a ``Degron´´ in the SRY-S C-Terminus -- 5.4.4 Reconsidering Previous Research in Light of Sry-T Discovery -- 5.5 Evolution of the Y Chromosome and Sry -- 5.6 Consideration of the Evolution of Sry Exons from the Viewpoint of ``Sex Spectrum´´ -- 5.7 Conclusion and Future Directions -- References -- Part II: Endocrine Regulation of the Sex Spectrum -- Chapter 6: Revisiting the Role of Steroid Hormones in Gonadal Fate Determination -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 A Short History of the Hormonal Theory of Sex Differentiation -- 6.2.1 Hormones and Gonadal Sex Determination -- 6.2.2 Freemartins -- 6.2.3 Parabiosis and Gonadal Transplantation in Amphibians -- 6.2.4 Exogenous Sex Steroids -- 6.2.5 Fish -- 6.3 Are Steroids Natural Inducers of Gonadal Sex Differentiation? -- 6.3.1 Controversies -- 6.3.2 Androgen in Model Fish -- 6.3.3 Androgen in Fish Undergoing Temperature-Induced Masculinization -- 6.3.4 Androgen in Fish Undergoing in Sequential Sex-Change -- 6.3.5 Androgen in a Frog Species -- 6.3.6 An Inconvenient Truth: Estrogen in Medaka Fish -- 6.3.7 Medaka Depleted in Both Androgens and Estrogens -- 6.3.8 Estrogen in Medaka -- 6.3.9 Estrogen in Nile Tilapia and the Rainbow Trout -- 6.3.10 Estrogen in Birds. 327 $a6.3.11 Estrogen in Reptiles -- 6.3.12 Estrogen in Amphibians -- 6.4 Insights from Master Sex-Determining Genes -- 6.4.1 Limitations of Loss-of-Function Experiments -- 6.4.2 Master Sex-Determining Genes -- 6.5 Conclusions and Future Perspective -- References -- Chapter 7: Sex Steroid Regulation of Male- and Female-Typical Mating Behaviors in Teleost Fish -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Sex Differences in Mating Behaviors Are Stable and Essentially Irreversible in Mammals and Birds -- 7.3 Mating Behaviors in Teleosts Are Highly Sexually Labile Across Their Lifetime -- 7.4 Sex-Typical Mating Behaviors in Teleosts Are Largely Dependent on the Adult Steroid Milieu -- 7.5 Teleosts Have a Unique Adult Steroid Milieu Compared to Mammals and Birds -- 7.6 Duplicated Steroid Receptor Subtypes in Teleosts Have Largely Nonredundant Roles in Mediating Sex-Typical Mating Behaviors -- 7.7 E2/Esr2b and 11KT/AR Signaling Act Antagonistically to Regulate Mating Behaviors in Teleosts -- 7.8 Neuropeptide B Is a Direct Mediator of E2/Esr2b Signaling and Required for Female Sexual Receptivity -- 7.9 Conclusions and Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 8: Comparative Perspectives on the Function of Oxytocin in Fish and Mammals -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Familiarity Recognition in Fish Species -- 8.3 OT Function in Shoaling Preference Based on Familiarity Recognition in Zebrafish -- 8.4 Familiarity Recognition and Mate Preference in Medaka Fish -- 8.5 Sexual Dimorphic OT Function in Mate Preference in Medaka -- 8.6 Candidate Neuronal Targets of OT Signaling for Social Recognition in Mammals -- 8.7 Candidate Neuronal Targets of OT Signaling for Social Recognition in Medaka Fish -- 8.8 What Are the Molecular Targets of OT Signaling? -- 8.9 Future Prospects in Medaka Studies -- References. 327 $aChapter 9: Orchestration of the Synthesis of Sex Hormones and their Roles in Establishing Sex Differences in Mammals -- 9.1 Sex Hormones -- 9.1.1 Discovery of Sex Hormones -- 9.1.2 Regulation of Sex Hormone Synthesis -- 9.1.3 Orchestration of Sex Hormone Synthesis by Ad4BP/SF-1 -- 9.2 Sex Hormone Receptors -- 9.3 Roles of Sex Hormones in Reproduction -- 9.3.1 Role of Testosterone in Male Secondary Reproductive Organs -- 9.3.2 Role of Testosterone in Spermatogenesis -- 9.4 Sex Hormone-Induced Sex Differences -- 9.4.1 Sex Determination of the Brain -- 9.4.2 Role of Estrogen in Bone -- 9.4.3 Roles of Sex Hormones in Establishing Sex Differences in Skeletal Muscles -- 9.4.4 Roles of Androgen in Establishing Sex Differences in the Adrenal Cortex -- 9.5 Sex Spectrum -- References -- Chapter 10: The Role of Sex Spectrum Differences in Reproductive Strategies and the Endocrine Mechanisms Underlying It -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Social Structure and Sexual Diversity -- 10.3 Androgens Create Sex Differences in Sexual Behavior -- 10.4 Hormonal Controlling of the Sex Spectrum -- 10.5 Male and Female Mouse Communication Via Ultrasonic Vocalizations -- 10.6 Sex Spectrum of Ultrasonic Vocalization in Male Mice -- 10.7 Neural Circuits Responsible for the Spectrum of USVs -- 10.8 Summary -- References -- Part III: Environmental Regulation of the Sex Spectrum -- Chapter 11: Symbiont-Induced Sexual and Reproductive Manipulation in Insects -- 11.1 Sex Determination System in Insects -- 11.2 Relationship Between Sex Determination and Dosage Compensation Cascades in Insects -- 11.3 Symbiont-Induced Sexual and Reproductive Manipulation in Insects -- 11.4 Bacterial Male Killing in Insects -- 11.5 Spiroplasma-Induced Male Killing in Insects -- 11.6 Wolbachia-Induced Male Killing in Insects -- 11.7 Virus-Induced Male Killing in Insects -- 11.8 Conclusion and Perspective. 327 $aReferences -- Chapter 12: The Mechanism for Establishing the Binary Sex with Environmental Signals in the Crustacean Daphnia magna -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Male-Determining Hormone -- 12.3 Dsx1 Shifts the Position of the Sex Spectrum to the Male Side -- 12.3.1 Dsx1, the Master Regulator of Male Development -- 12.3.2 Spatio-Temporal Expression of Dsx1 -- 12.3.3 Dsx1 Activity-Dependent Formation of the Sex Spectrum -- 12.4 Transcriptional Regulation of Dsx1 -- 12.5 Epigenetic Regulation of Dsx1 -- 12.6 Post-transcriptional Regulation of Dsx1 -- 12.6.1 5? UTR-Overlapping lncRNA DAPALR Activates Dsx1 Expression -- 12.6.2 DAPALR Functions as a Decoy of Shep -- 12.7 Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 13: Starvation Is a New Component of Sex Reversal in Medaka (Oryzias latipes): Significance of Metabolism in Sex Regul... -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Many Adult Teleosts Undergo Sex Change -- 13.3 Induction of Sex Reversal at Embryonic or Larval Stage in Teleosts -- 13.4 Contribution of Metabolism and Metabolites to Sex Regulation in Medaka, as Suggested by Studies of Starvation -- 13.5 New Perspective from the Study of Starvation-Induced Sex Reversal -- 13.6 Conclusion -- References. 606 $aIntersex people$xIdentity 615 0$aIntersex people$xIdentity. 676 $a306.7685 702 $aTanaka$b Minoru 702 $aTachibana$b Makoto 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910624314603321 996 $aSpectrum of sex$93066908 997 $aUNINA